減速設施之效能及對乘員舒適度感受之研究

Abstract

行駛速率為事故發生之重要因素，在必須控制車速之地點，例如社區道路，學校附近之道路等，常設置減速設施，以達到讓駕駛人減速之目的。本研究主要分為兩個階段，第一階段測量速度、減速設施和不同座位對垂直加速度的影響，第二階段探討不同變項對於乘員感受度之影響，共有35位受測者(20位男性，15位女性)參與實驗。本研究在新竹縣竹北市高鐵五路裝設減速設施進行實驗，透過文獻回顧方法、實驗設計並蒐集數據。 實驗結果發現，垂直加速度和乘員感受度呈正向關係，速度、減速設施和不同座位三個變項，在不同實驗情境下對垂直加速度和乘員感受度有顯著的差異(P<0.001)；人因變項的研究中，發現垂直加速度對於不同性別之受測者無明顯差異，將受測者以年齡分組時，則垂直加速度會對於年齡較大者造成較不舒適的感覺。並發現特定減速設施，通過速度越快垂直加速度反而較小。最後建議通過此類減速腫之建議速度為時速20公里。

Reducing vehicle speed is an important element to improve driving safety. In order to reduce the speed, various traffic calming devices are used in places such as communities and schools. This study proceeds in two steps. First, the influence of speed, traffic calming devices and seating position on vertical acceleration was measured. Secondly, the influence of different factors on passengers’ riding perception was investigated. There are 35 participants including 20 males and 15 females. ANOVA analysis was used. It was found that vertical acceleration and passenger perception is highly correlated. Vertical acceleration and passenger perception in various speeds, traffic calming devices and seating position are significantly different (P<0.001). Vertical acceleration and passenger perception in gender are not found significantly different. However, they are significantly different in age cohort. The faster the speed, the smaller the vertical acceleration was discovered at specific calming device. It is therefore recommended that the most comfortable passing speed is 20 km/h.