探討資訊顯示介面與團隊溝通型態對先進型主控制室團隊狀況察覺之影響

Abstract

核電廠主控制室儀控系統為多人、多工的複雜系統，非單靠個人的能力就能夠有效的運轉電廠。必須仰賴團隊合作，藉由運轉團隊成員的互動來瞭解電廠狀況以維持電廠的安全運轉；而團隊成員之間的溝通為團隊互動中最重要的元素，透過溝通能讓運轉團隊及時掌握動態的環境變化。當核能電廠主控制室由傳統類比式固定介面轉換到先進型電腦化介面之際，造成了團隊溝通型態的改變。然而，以往核能電廠在團隊溝通的研究上大多只著重在溝通對於人員績效的影響，並沒有將人機介面列入考慮。因此，本研究主要利用認知作業分析探討先進型資訊顯示介面、團隊溝通以及團隊狀況察覺三者之間的關係。研究結果發現：在介面熟悉度對於介面使用上的影響，熟悉介面的團隊比不熟悉介面的團隊善於利用資訊顯示作團隊之間的溝通；而在團隊溝通的型態上，正常作業與異常作業的溝通型態有所差異，正常作業的溝通主要在於提供資訊與回報；異常作業的溝通不僅提供資訊與回報還包含大量的資訊要求與接收確認。

The operation of advanced control room of nuclear power plant is very complex and dynamic. In order to operate nuclear power plant effectively and safely, it relays on interaction of each team member. The most important component of team member’s interaction is communication, it can help crews understand dynamic environment rapidly. The transformation of human interfaces from analog to computer-based will have impacts on communication pattern. Previous studies in team communication focused on human performance; however, the issues of human interfaces were considered rarely. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to use cognitive task analysis approach to explore the influences of information displays and team communications upon team situation awareness. The results show that compared to inexperienced team which is unfamiliar with interface operation, experienced team with human interfaces used to take advantage to information display to communication with other persons. Abnormal task need more communication than normal one which includes information supply, report, inquiry and acknowledgement.