政府間主義與超國家主義對歐盟高等教育整合政策之影響

Abstract

本研究主要以政府間主義與超國家主義探討歐盟的高等教育整合政策，了解在政府間主義與超國家主義相互影響下，歐盟推行高等教育整合的演進歷程、高等教育學分轉換與累積制度、高等教育學位結構制度、高等教育品質保證發展之實施現況。研究結果經整理歸納後，得以下結論： 壹、歐盟基於全球化、區域化與知識經濟與的影響，歐盟國家於經濟、政治與高等教育結盟合作，藉由歐洲的共同體化來增強歐洲的競爭力 貳、政府間主義和超國家主義互動下的歐洲的高等教育整合，事實上均不斷地在侵蝕民族國家的權力 參、各國對歐洲整合態度不同，以致於在推動高等教育整合方面有不一致的速度 肆、歐盟欲藉由推行一系列教育整合計畫，以增加歐盟的競爭力。且這一系列的教育整合計畫不斷加深加廣，以形成強勢的共同體力量與美國對抗 伍、歐盟高等教育整合正於政府間主義與超國家主義間尋求適切位置

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intergovernmentalism and supranationalism on European Union’s higher education integration policy, including ECTS, the degree structure system, and the quality assurance mechanism. In conclusion, the research proposed five perspectives as follows. First, due to the effect of globalization, regionalization and knowledge-based economy, European Union was allied by its economy, politics and higher education. Moreover, European Union has enhanced its competitiveness by commoditization. Secondly, the right of the nation-states’ was expropriated progressively when European Union’s higher education was integrated by interacting between the intergovernmentalism and supranationalism. Thirdly, the promotion of the higher education integration was discordant in the countries, having different opinions about the European integration policy. Also, the European Union promoted its competitiveness via trying to carry out a serial of education integration plans. These plans are developing deeply and widely to form a powerful community. At last, the European Union higher education is searching a balance between intergovernmentalism and supranationalism.