Equal Gain Transmission with Antenna Selection in MIMO Communications

Abstract

The beamforming vectors of an equal gain transmission (EGT) contains phase information only and thereby enjoys several implementational advantages when compared to the optimal scheme, i.e. maximum ratio transmission (MRT). The implementational advantages make EGT a promising solution for simple transceiver design while offering a performance comparable to that of MRT. This solution motivates us to explore how close the performance can be between EGT and MRT. The maximum SNR loss between EGT and MRT is known to be 1.05 dB in MISO channels. However, little is known about the SNR loss in MIMO channels, since no closed-form solution is available for the best EGT in MIMO channels. In this work, a suboptimal closed-form EGT design for MIMO channels is proposed and its performance is analyzed. Interestingly, the maximum SNR loss between the proposed EGT and the MRT (both employing MRC in receiver) in MIMO channels is shown to be approximately 1.05 dB as well. Moreover, instead of applying conventional all transmit antennas, this study proposes to adopt antenna selection, to further improve the performance of EGT. Two antenna selection algorithms are proposed and the corresponding performance is analyzed. When the proposed antenna selection algorithms are applied to EGT, the SNR loss between EGT and MRT can be reduced to as low as 0.45-0.65 dB, with the numbers of transmit antennas ranging from 4 to 8. One of the proposals with fixed number of transmit antennas not only outperforms conventional EGT but also requires fewer number of RF (radio frequency) components; also, it employs constant power in each transmit antenna like EGT does. As a result, hardware complexity can be reduced by this proposal. Furthermore, design strategies to apply the proposed EGT and antenna selection algorithms in systems with limited feedback are also suggested.