标题: 送气分调之跨语言研究
A Cross-Linguistic Study on Aspiration and Tone
作者: 赖郁雯
Lai Yuwen
国立交通大学外国语文学系
公开日期: 2010
摘要: 本研究调查台语,国语及英语之母音基频与其声母送气之间的交互影响。子音会影响邻近母音的音质及声调,其中最广被研究的为汉语有声声母所导致的声调分歧-有声声母降低韵母的基频,此现象也造成了古汉语四调转八调。反观声母送气对声调的影响,其研究则在不同语言中得到极为分歧的结果,至今学界仍对此现象无一定论。根据本研究团队的初步研究指出,送气声母会提高声调的调头部分,但此升调现象在不同发音人性别的结果中略有不同。本研究主张前人研究之分歧结果与标的语言本身: 声调或非声调;实验方法: 基频取样,以及基频在调首的测量方法与标准;发音人语速: 语速与送气长度呈反相关,因而可能影响实验的结果;以及发音人之声带特性:本研究前导研究显示男女发音者表现有显着不同 。根据以上论点,本研究计画以系统性的实验方法,对非声调语言(英语),声调语言(国语及台语)做跨语言的整合型研究。其中,国语与台语的比较能进一步厘清此送气分调现象是否因标的语言的声调数目而有不同程度的影响。我们将以共存于此三标的语言的声母,韵母,及音节结构作为语料;以一致的语音及统计分析以达标准分析流程。此外,以软体调控发音人发音之语速,并在统计分析中加入发音人基频进行共变数分析。实验目的为厘清此现象是否存在语言专一性(language specific),并尝试以实验方法,语速控制,以及发音人的内在声带特质解开过往研究结果分歧的现象。本计划第一年将进行国语与台语的实验,标准化实验模式后将在第二年在与合作单位(美国堪萨斯大学语音暨心理语言学研究室)进行英语发音人的第二阶段研究。
The perturbation effect on fundamental frequency (F0) by voiceless aspirated and unaspirated prevocalic obstruents is investigated in Mandarin, Min-nan Chinese, and English. It is a well-known effect that the F0 at the onset of a vowel is significantly higher after a voiceless consonant than after a voiced consonant. However, conflicting results have been published for the effect which voiceless aspirated and voiceless unaspirated consonants have on the F0 of following vowel. The present study aims to develop a cross-linguistic study with a rigorous experimental design, in order to test for possible factors which cause these conflicting results. The major factors of interest are gender/intrinsic F0 of subjects and speaking rate. Another goal is to directly compare the perturbation effect across languages with different suprasegmental features - nontonal language - English; tonal languages with small tone inventory - Mandarin (4 tones), and tone languages with larger tone inventory - Minnan Chinese (7 tones). The present study aims to investigate possible modulating factors which cause the conflicting results in the field. The research on Mandarin and Minnan Chinese will be the focus of the first year while the component of English will be conducted at the University of Kansas (USA) in the second year.
官方说明文件#: NSC99-2410-H009-075
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11536/99881
https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=2175926&docId=349278
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