台灣各縣市水電使用效率

Abstract

本篇研究對台灣19個縣市2004年至2015年的水電使用效率作探討。採用Tone和Tsutsui在2010所提出的考慮考慮非意欲產出下，未定向差額變數衡量法之資料包絡模型，能同時考慮到意欲及非意欲的產出，並計算其效率值。研究包含六個投入（勞動人口、地方政府支出、家用及商業用電量、工業用電量、住宅用水、工業用水）、兩個非意欲產出（二氧化硫及廢水）及一個意欲產出（GDP）。此外，本篇使用Hu and Wang (2006) 提出的效率指標來計算台灣地區投入項以及意欲和非意欲產出之目標值與實際值之間的比率。研究指出台灣在意欲產出的方面已經無需增加效率，但在投入項及非意欲產出方面非常沒有效率。產業特性具有較高產能的北部地區不論在投入項或非意欲產出項之效率值都相對其他地區高。本研究發現支持環境主義者的觀點，認為台灣應該多著重在在增進生活品質及環境的永續發展，而不是只追求經濟成長。

This paper computes the disaggregate output and input efficiencies of nineteen Taiwan’s administrative regions during 2004-2015. The non-oriented slack-based data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) with undesirable outputs model proposed by Tone and Tsutsui (2011) is used. There are six inputs (employment, local government expenditure, household and commercial electricity, industrial electricity, residential water, and productive water), two undesirable outputs (SO2 and sewage), and one desirable output (regional GDP). The target/actual ratio (or its inverse) proposed by Hu and Wang (2006) which is applied to compute disaggregate input and undesirable output (or desirable output) efficiency scores of Taiwan’s regions. Taiwan has been very inefficient in inputs and undesirable outputs. However, there is not much room to improve in the GDP efficiency for Taiwan. The north regions, which has higher proportion of high output value industry, are relatively much more efficient than the ones in other areas with respect to all inputs and undesirable outputs. Empirical findings support the environmentalist viewpoint that Taiwan should emphasize improvement of life quality and sustainability, instead of economic growth.