社會創新之創新生態系統個案研究: 以台灣竹山鎮為例

Abstract

本研究檢視台灣竹山鎮的社會創新所產生的創新生態系統的組成與特徵為何。台灣竹山鎮由過去繁榮轉為衰退，經濟環境惡化，造成青壯年人口外流，鄉鎮人口老化等社會問題，然而近年卻成為台灣媒體話題的寵兒，青年返鄉創業、觀光人潮增加等社會創新現象成為本研究欲探討的課題。本研究透過單一個案研究法以及創新生態系統的角度了解竹山的社會創新現象如何被達成，並了解生態系統的組成以及其重要角色為何。資料蒐集來源為二手資料、觀察與訪談當地創業者與居民。資料內容以Nvivo作為編碼分析工具。本研究提出一個新的社會創新創新生態系統理論架構歸納生態系統的組成角色及其典型特徵；此外，研究結果也顯示社會創新可歸納五項因素來達到成功，以及探討鄉鎮的青年回流與商業的反都市化現象。研究成果可成為政策制定者與社會創新執行者的在鄉鎮復興的發展方針。

This research presents a new model of social innovation ecosystem by examing Taiwan Zhushan Town. The economy of Zhushan Town was flourished in the past. With young population moves to cities and the economy becomes worse, the town faces ageing, poor and several social problems. However, the town becomes popular in news media recent years including youths went back to town and run their business, and the number of tourists increases etc. This is phenomenon is called social innovation which is aim at meeting the beneficiaries’ needs and improving the people’s life quality. Therefore, this study would exam how the social innovation could be achieved through the lens of the innovation ecosystem. A single case study approach has been used to understand the how the ecosystem is composed and who are the important characters. Data was collected from secondary sources, observations and in-depth interviews with key actors in the area. The data was analysed by Nvivo. A novel social innovation ecosystem has been defined with five features and the key components. The research also indicates that five factors to achieve successful social innovation and the phenomenon of young immigrants and commercial counterurbanisation. Both the finding and insights may be as a guideline for policy makers and social innovators.