光場飄浮式3D顯示系統之影像品質分析與研究

Abstract

在資通訊的時代，我們透過視覺感官來接收我們生活中大部分的資訊，舉凡文字訊息、照片、影片……等等，都需要透過顯示裝置來呈現並由我們的眼睛所接收，因此顯示技術與我們的生活息息相關。而隨著顯示技術的發展，3D立體顯示技術逐漸普及，不僅應用在大型顯示上，如：電影、電視，行動裝置也逐漸搭載3D顯示器，因此人機介面系統也勢必將發展成3D的互動系統。然而傳統的3D顯示技術僅提供正視的立體影像，並不利於使用者與影像之間的互動，有鑑於此，漂浮顯示應運而生，使用者可以從傾視角觀看到立體影像並與之互動，因此我們相信，3D漂浮顯示將成為未來的趨勢。 傳統的3D顯示技術利用的是雙眼視差法，欺騙我們的大腦來達到立體的效果，雖然解析度高且技術成熟，但是長時間觀看會產生視覺疲勞及不適。近年來，一種新的技術——光場，正在快速的發展當中，利用記錄、重建光場的方式，光場顯示技術可以利用多個具有方向性的光束在空間中交會，進而重建立體影像。 目前的光場技術多是利用積分成像(Integral Imaging)的方式來重建光場，利用微透鏡陣列或是針孔陣列作為光的空間調變器控制其方向。本論文研究探討的裝置架構，是將微透鏡陣列安置於平面顯示器之上，並在顯示器上顯示設計好的圖片。本論文的研究主要有兩個部分，一是分析以透鏡陣列為基礎的積分成像系統其影像解析度在不同深度上的極限，二是提出一個拼接視區(Viewing Zone)的概念及方法，拼接五個視區可以增加視角範圍致約五倍，以此類推。

In the age of information and communication, we receive most of the information in our lives through our vision. We read text messages, watch videos, and see pictures. All these kinds of information are presented by display devices and perceived by our eyes. Therefore, the display technology plays an important role in our daily lives. With the development of display technology, 3D display has become more and more common. It applies not only to large-scaled displays, such as movies and television but also on portable devices. As a consequence, the human-machine interface would definitely evolve into 3D interactive system. Moreover, the traditional 3D display technology provides only direct-viewing 3D images, which is not intuitive for users to interact with. Therefore, floating display was introduced. Users can see the 3D images from oblique viewing angle and interact with the images easily. Hence, we believe the floating 3D display will become the future. Traditional 3D display technology utilizes binocular disparity to cheat our brain feeling like seeing 3D object. Despite its high resolution and well-development, users would have visual fatigue and discomfort for long-time watching. In recent years, a new technology, light field, is developed rapidly. By recording and reconstructing the light field, this technology can reconstruct a real image with several directional beams crossing over in the space. Currently, the light field technology is implemented by integral imaging (In.Im.). It uses pinhole array or microlens array (MLA) as a spatial light modulator to manipulate the direction of light. The setup we discuss in this dissertation is a flat display panel with an MLA putting on it, and a designed pattern is displayed on the panel. There are two main issues in this dissertation. One is to analyze the spatial resolution limitation along the depth direction of an MLA based In.Im. system. The other is to propose a viewing-zone combining method to increase the viewing angle of the In.Im. system by about 5 times with combing 5 viewing zones, and so on.