工業4.0下製造業之轉型政策

Abstract

本研究之主要架構以政策分析模式為基礎，建構工業4.0之競爭策略，以政策目標與產業領先條件為區隔變數。透過此一分析區隔出先進製造業之不同目標定位，並利用產業創新需求要素分析模式及產業專家之意見調查，分析歸納出不同目標下，發展先進製造業的關鍵成功要素，提出各國先進製造業未來發展的可能策略。 研究根據產業創新需求要素與政策類型的分析結果得到，美國政策是以經濟發展與科技發展為主軸，而產業領先條件則為產業網絡層級、企業層級為主，優先加強的政策工具有：科學與技術開發、教育與訓練、政策性措施、法規與管制；德國政策是以經濟發展、科技發展與社會發展為主軸，而產業領先條件則為國家層級、產業網絡層級、企業層級，優先加強的政策工具有：科學與技術開發、教育與訓練、政策性措施、法規與管制；中國大陸政策重點在於政治發展、經濟發展、科技發展與社會發展為主，而產業領先條件則重視於國家層級，優先加強的政策工具有：政策性措施、科學與技術開發、公營事業、法規與管制；臺灣的政策是以經濟發展與科技發展為主，而產業領先條件則為國家層級、產業網絡層級、企業層級，優先加強的政策工具有：科學與技術開發、政策性措施、教育與訓練、法規與管制。

This thesis reports on a strategic analysis of the development of Reindustrialization. A Policy model is used to assess the strategic positioning entailing a 2-dimensional analysis, containing locus of industrial leadership (vertical axis) and policy objective (horizontal).By this way, we could find in different segmentation there will have different Industrial Innovation Requirements. Finally, we could give different strategies for different countries. Evaluating the Industrial Innovation Requirements and Policy Tools leads to a conclusion that for America the most critical categories of policy instruments are science and technology development, education and training, policy measures, regulation and control. For Germany the most critical categories of policy instruments are science and technology development, education and training, policy measures, regulation and control. For China the most critical categories of policy instruments are policy measures, science and technology development, public utilities, regulation and control. For Taiwan the most critical categories of policy instruments are science and technology development, policy measures, education and training, regulation and control. The corresponding policy instruments in support of developing IIRs are provided in the conclusion of this thesis.