遭受關係攻擊與青少年社會心理適應：以社會支持為調節變項

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解青少年遭受關係攻擊的現況，探討遭受關係攻擊對社交焦慮傾向、孤寂感與外化問題的預測力，並考驗來自同儕與成人的社會支持對遭受關係攻擊與社會心理適應的調節效果。本研究以一到三年級國中學生為研究對象，採問卷調查法，利用「學生社交經驗量表」、「學生社會支持量表」、「青少年社交焦慮量表」、「寂寞量表」與「外化行為問題分量表」為研究工具，獲有效問卷593份，並以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、積差相關分析、階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析，本研究的結論如下：1. 不同性別、年級的青少年遭受關係攻擊的程度沒有差異。2.青少年遭受關係攻擊程度與社交焦慮傾向、孤寂感、外化問題的相關均達顯著水準。3.控制受外顯攻擊之後，遭受關係攻擊程度可以有效預測青少年的社交焦慮傾向、孤寂感與外化問題。4.遭受關係攻擊高分組感受到來自同儕的情緒支持少於低分組。5.同儕情緒支持在全體樣本之遭受關係攻擊程度與外化問題兩者間具有調節效果、同儕訊息支持對高度遭受關係攻擊青少年之遭受關係攻擊程度與外化問題兩者間具有調節效果。最後，研究者根據研究結果，提出相關之建議。

The purpose of the study is to investigate the current status of relational aggression victimization in adolescents, to explore the relation of relational aggression victimization, social anxiety tendency, loneliness, and externalizing problem. Besides, we also test the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between relational aggression victimization and psychosocial adjustments. The measure tools used in this study include “Social Experience Questionnaire”, “Social Support Scale”, ”Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents”, “Loneliness Scale”, and “Externalizing Behavior Subscale”. The questionnaires were administered to 593 junior high school students in Taiwan. The results of survey were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product- moment correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results of the study are as follows: 1.There are no significant differences in gender and grades. 2. There are positive relationships among the score of relational aggression victim, social anxiety tendency, loneliness, and externalizing problem. 3. After controlling overt aggression victim, the score of relational aggression victim can effectively predict social anxiety tendency, loneliness and externalizing problem. 4. The relational aggression victims feel less emotional support from peer then other adolescents who weren’t victimized from relational aggression. 5. Emotional support from peer has moderate effect between the score of relational aggression victim and externalizing problem in all adolescents. Informational support from peer has moderate effect between the score of relational aggression victim and externalizing problem in relational aggression victims. Finally, the advanced discussions and further suggestions are addressed based on the result of this study.