太陽能技術於建築空間效益評估之研究-以高雄世運主場館為例

Abstract

近幾年因地球暖化及能源供應問題引起社會對節能減碳的關注，也逐漸影響建築設計的走向，台灣政府甚至在建築技術規則增訂綠建築專章，使台灣成為要求節能減碳、注重生態永續發展的綠建築先進國家之一，有鑑於此，本研究將透過國內外文獻之回顧以及案例探討等方式，以高雄世運主場館為例，來探討探討台灣目前太陽能技術應用於建築空間之效益。 經本研究之效益評估後顯示，在世運會主場館太陽能光電系統之考量電力系統之整合、與市電併聯方式進行設計，並在太陽能光電模組之安裝時考量太陽能之接收角度，使得其於2009年實際之年發電量為1,300,248(kWh)，約為估計年總發電量1,121,219(kWh)之116%，顯示世運主場館太陽能光電系統之發電效益較預期高，就當時台灣之電價回饋機制來看，補貼費用約為德國之15%，同時為日本之32%左右；若以現行之補貼機制計算，補貼費用約為德國之60%，同時為日本之125%左右，無論在設備補貼或電價補貼方面，皆不如其他先進國家，使得世運會主場館雖可產生超過預期之電力，但因電價補貼機制之回饋誠度不高，將使得該太陽能光電系統之還本年限無法有效縮短，雖經濟部在2010年4月底調高補貼費用，但仍不確定有足夠之基金支應，建議政府能提供較永續之發電設備補助預算，以及與其他先進國家規模相近之保證電價補貼，以提升未來相關太陽能光電系統之設置意願，進而促進綠色能源之概念之發展。

Over the past few years, global warming and energy supply problems have raised social awareness about energy conservation and carbon reduction, and have also steadily influenced trends in building design. The Taiwan government has even added in its building technology regulations a section dedicated to green construction, which has made Taiwan become one of the world’s first advanced countries to require green buildings that facilitate energy conservation, carbon reduction, and ecological sustainable development. Consequently, this study will review domestic and overseas literature and rely on test cases. For example, cases like Kaohsiung National Stadium will be examined to determine the effectiveness of Taiwan's current solar energy technology applications in buildings. This study's appraisal of benefits demonstrates that at the World Games Main Stadium, a design was carried out with considerations for a solar power system in the integration of electrical power systems. Also, with a connection to city electricity and consideration given to the solar power module's angle of reception during installation, actual electrical power generated in 2009 was 1,300,247(kWh), approximately 116% of the estimated annual electrical power generation of 1,121,219 (kWh). This shows that the benefits of the power generated by the Kaohsiung National Stadium's solar power system were higher than anticipated. At that time, Taiwan's electricity price return mechanisms, whether in terms of equipment subsidies or price subsidies, were inferior to advanced countries. Even though the Kaohsiung National Stadium could produce more electrical power than anticipated, because of a low degree of return from the price subsidy mechanism, the repayment period for the solar power system could not be reduced. Even though the Ministry of Economic Affairs increased subsidies at the end of April in 2009, it is still uncertain if funding is sufficient. This study suggests that the government provide a sustained subsidy budget for power generating equipment and a guarantee of electrical price subsides similar in scope to those of other advanced countries, so as to increase the number of related solar power system installations in the future, and to promote the concept and development of green energy.