環境與安衛風險評估整合工具之建置與應用研究—以研究機構為例

Abstract

由於研究機構使用的化學品量少，但種類多，作業流程設備、環境變化快速，因此作業活動對人員與設備造成的危害潛藏著不知的風險及對環境造成的衝擊無法及時預估與防制。近年來環保與安全衛生管理系統之整合乃時勢所趨，而環境考量面與危害鑑別風險評估更是整合之重點。以研究機構之特性而言，如何選擇適當的評估技術以滿足環境考量面與安衛危害鑑別風險評估整合之目的乃為關鍵。本研究建立之環境與安衛風險評估工具採用JSA（Job Safety Analysis）危害鑑別方式加上風險因子評估法應用在研究機構並予電腦網路化確實可以達到整合的效果，而具體的成果說明如下： 1. 環境與安衛風險評估整合後提升了分析結果之完整性。 2. 以JSA危害鑑別方式加上風險因子評估法對研究機構進行評估，可有效地提升其分析效能及縮短分析時間。 3. 以JSA危害鑑別方式加上風險因子評估法進行研究機構之環境與安衛危害鑑別，可以有效地發現潛在危害風險。 4. 研究機構風險等級與嚴重性之分佈情形，其分佈呈現Heinrich 的事故金字塔理論現象。 5. 本評估工具透過網路系統可提供相關環境考量面與安衛風險評估結果之查詢。 本研究所發展之環境與安衛風險評估工具，除了可應用於研究機構外，亦可應用於中小企業之環安衛風險評估，而大型企業可將本系統之評估結果作為參考。

The specific characteristics of working environment at the research institute, using various chemicals with less amount of quantities and fast-pace changing working environment and operation procedures, impose unknown risks to employees and environment. The integration of environmental protection and safety and health management is the latest trend worldwide to promote safer working environment. The keys to this trend are working environment consideration and hazard identification and risk assessment. Thus, selecting the right assessment technique becomes increasingly demanding task. This paper applies Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Risk Factor Evaluation (RFE) with on-line application to study environmental, safety, and health risk assessment at the research institute could achieve effect upon the Integrated. The conclusions are as following： 1. Increasing in comprehensive understandings of the Integrated Environmental, Safety and Health Risk Assessment； 2. Applying Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Risk Factor Evaluation (RFE) to study environmental, safety, and health risk assessment at the research institute, could raise the effectiveness of the risk analysis and save more time on analyzing. 3. Applying JSA and RFE to study environmental, safety, and health hazard identification at the research institute, could raise the effectiveness of finding the potential hazards and risk. 4. The distribution of research institute of risk classification and severity matches Accident Pyramid Theory. 5. The software tool developed in this study, could provide provide the related environment consideration and safety ＆ health risk assessment information through internet access. The environmental, health and safety(EHS) risk assessment tool, developed by this study, can be used not only for research institutes but also for small and medium sized enterprises to assess the EHS risk. The assessment results can be referred by for large enterprises.