應用無線射頻辨識技術建構營建工地人員門禁安全管理系統之研究

Abstract

隨著科技進步發展，產品競爭日趨激烈，為提升企業競爭力，科技業者積極進行技術整合提高產能降低製造成本，因此高科技廠房興建面積大幅增加，系統工程需求也越趨複雜，為降低工程管理成本，工程發包型態多採以統包模式進行。而施工廠商又因專業技術、工期限制等因素層層轉包，以致營建工地共同作業施工廠商數量相對增加，在人員特性及工地環境複雜之種種因素下，造成營建工地人員安全管理工作無法有效落實執行，導致營建工地職業災害頻傳一直高於其它行業，又大多數的承攬商的安全管理水準低落、危害認知不足，且原事業單位也普遍呈現無法有效實施承攬管理，因此，更提高營建工地發生嚴重職業災害之機率。為了在施工階段中能有效發揮營建工地之門禁管理系統功能，則必須對進場施工人員進行相關資格之查核與管制作業，而對其所需相關資訊之取得是關鍵之一。 本研究乃依勞工安全衛生法之相關規定，就營建工地人員安全管理之作業現況，提出承攬商管理勞工在施工作業前應參予危害告知與安全教育宣導之有效執行方法，並能強化工地門禁管制之效能，建立一套完整周詳的查核與系統化的管理作業模式，同時改善紙本作為資訊蒐集存證作業漏洞不實無法準確執行的問題。因此，本研究利用無線射頻辨識技術(Radio Frequency Identification , RFID)結合個人數位助理(PDA)，建構一套營建工地人員安全管理系統，透過RFID技術及PDA能快速查核施工人員身分與個人安全防護器具，以期協助工地管理者確實執行勞工上工前的安全教育訓練、危害告知業務，並建立自動化資訊管理，有效進行人員出入管制，提升承攬商在工地人員安全教育管理作業控管上之效率，有效降低職業災害的發生，進而達成工程經營管理績效與提升企業形象之目的。

With progress and development of modern technology, competition among enterprises is getting harder and harder. To raise their competitiveness, technical companies aggressively extend their productivity by technological integration to reduce corresponding cost. Hence the size of factory buildings raised a lot, and the requirement of system engineering became more complex as well. In order to reduce the cost and construction management effort, turkey is usually used for engineering bidding of design/build construction projects. Besides, construction companies frequently make subcontracting layer by layer. It result in more companies operate in the construction site concurrently. Because of employee characteristics and complex site environment, labor-safety management cannot be executed accurately and effectively, and occupational accidents happened more often than other businesses. To effectively realize the function of construction site entry management system, qualification audit operation of employees entering the site had to be executed specifically. This research aims to establish a complete model of audit-operation and systematic management regarding the effective execution scheme of realizing the acknowledgement of danger and safety tutoring before working to labor by contractors according to regulation of the law of labor safety and health. Herein, technologies of RFID and PDA are combined to establish a construction site safety management system. Through this audit system, the identities of operational employees and personal protective gear can be rapidly audited, safety instruction and training before work as well as acknowledge of danger can be surely performed via site administrators, automatic information management can be established, effective access control can be achieved, the controlling efficiency of safety instruction management of contractors to labors can be enhanced, the happening of occasional accidents could be effectively reduced, and construction management performance and enhance corporate image can be accomplished.