工作複雜度、人格特質對工作滿意度及工作績效之影響-以半導體從業人員為例

Abstract

本研究以半導體從業人員為研究對象，探討工作複雜度、人格特質對工作滿意度及工作績效之影響。提供半導體公司在任用員工時，依人格特質選擇合適的員工，並針對員工的不同的人格特質調整其工作複雜度，以使員工在工作上獲得滿足並且有更好的工作表現。 研究結果發現工作困難度與工作滿意度存在負向關係，工作非結構化與工作滿意度存在正向關係。五大人格特質除了外向性，皆對工作滿意度有相關。對於人格特質與工作複雜度交互作用對工作滿意度之影響，研究發現神經質越高、勤勉審慎性越高，工作困難度越高工作滿意度越高；和善性越高，工作非結構化程度越高則工作滿意度越低；經驗開放性越高，工作非結構化程度越高則工作滿意度越高。而工作複雜度與人格特質交互作用對工作績效影響並無顯著關係，本研究針對半導體從業人員作探討，近年台灣半導體產業因受景氣循環波動影響，股票分紅獲利減少、員工超時加班及過勞問題層出不窮，造成優秀人才大量流失，員工被迫指派多樣化及困難複雜的工作已成常態，只要給予其優渥的薪資、福利，員工就會感到滿足而努力工作以求在工作上有更好的表現來獲取更多的獎酬。故近年來影響半導體產業從業人員之工作績效已不再是人格特質及工作複雜度為主要的因素，建議未來研究可加入獎酬制度、升遷管道、等因素做探討。

This study examined the effect of task complexity and personality on employee’s job satisfaction and performance in the semiconductor industry. The findings of this research provides guidance to companies on how to fit their employees with different personalities to the jobs that are in different levels of complexity for the purpose of enhancing employee’s job satisfaction and job performance. The results of the research show that the relationship between job difficulty and job satisfaction is negative, the relationship between job unstructureness and job satisfaction is positive. The “Big Five” personalities except extraversion are related to job satisfaction. The positive relationship between job difficulty and job satisfaction is moderated by personality variables. The higher the neuroticism and conscientiousness, the stronger is the relationship of job difficulty and job satisfaction. The higher the agreeableness, the weaker is the positive relationship between job unstructureness and job satisfaction. The higher the openness to experience, the stronger is the positive relationship between job unstructureness and job satisfaction. The interactions of job complexity and personality variables do not affect job performance. The job complexity and personality do not affect employee’s performance.