台灣各縣巿資源使用效率及生產力之分析

Abstract

摘 要

本文以台灣各縣市就業人口數、電力用電量、家庭電燈用電量、其他非家庭電燈用電量、汽油用油量、柴油用油量等為資源使用效率依變數，另以各縣市總所得為指標，並增加高等教育人口比率、人口密度、人均可支配所得、工廠密度、機動車密度、各縣市預算總支出、各縣市中央與地方政黨是否一致、各縣市是否有科學園區及是否為都會區等為環境變數，探討2004-2008年間資源使用效率及生產力。結果顯示台灣自己的效率前緣，多數縣市在資源使用上缺乏效率，尚待改善以提高效率。發現七項環境變數 (高等教育人口比率、人口密度、人均可支配所得、工廠密度、機動車密度、各縣市預算總支出、具有科學園區等) 對現世資源使用效率具有顯著的正向影響。研究期間內台灣南部縣市之生產力有提高趨勢。建議政府從教育及資源政策著手，以提高各縣市資源使用效率及生產力。

ABSTRACT This research computes the efficiency and productivity of resource use for 23 administrative regions in Taiwan from 2004 to 2008. There are six inputs (the employed population, amount of electricity consumed, amount of electricity consumed for household electric light, amount of electricity consumed for non-household electric light, amount of gasoline consumption, and amount of diesel consumption) and one output (the total real income) in the data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. There are 9 environmental variables, including the percentage of high level education population, density of population, disposable income per capita, density of the factories, density of motorcycles, total budget expenditure, consistence of the ruling party, opposition/rule party of the mayor, and urban/rural area. Most administrative regions in Taiwan are not efficient in recourse use. The government and the people need to improve resource efficiency via resource policy and education.