台灣半導體照明產業分析與競爭策略之研究探討

Abstract

發光二極體(Light Emitting Diode, LED)產業開始於1960年代，隨著技術的快速發展，及其具有的短小輕薄、省電、可靠度高等優點，LED已廣泛的被應用到各類消費電子產品及工業產品上。1990年代起，高亮度LED的問世為LED的應用帶來重大突破，LED從傳統的單色、室內用途進展到彩色、戶外用途，其中，以LED取代傳統照明光源的半導體照明技術發展最受到產業的關注，世界各主要LED產業國家紛紛投入可觀的資源，加入這個照明產業革命的競爭中。 台灣的LED產業經過三十多年的發展歷史，已建立起完整的產業結構，產品以品質及成本的優勢行銷世界各國，2005年LED封裝業產值超過新台幣400億元，僅次於日本，位居世界第二大LED產業國，隨著業者的不斷努力，整體的競爭力仍持續擴大中，但是也面對了中韓等國在新一波照明產業競爭中的挑戰。 本研究經由LED產業分析及比較我國與主要競爭國家：中日韓三國的競爭優勢，探討台灣的LED產業如何在產業強力競爭的環境下，面對日本的領先優勢與中韓的極力追趕，建立台灣半導體照明產業的競爭優勢。研究結論建議，我國的半導體照明產業可以從四個方向來提高產業競爭優勢，維繫整體產業的競爭力：1. 結合國內產學研力量，提升自有技術能力；2. 以產品標準化及量產能力，強化成本優勢；3. 結合照明產業與LED產業的優勢，以品牌策略擴大市場；4. 積極的政府策略，激勵產業發展。

Light Emitting Diode (LED) industry started from 1960’s. After forty years of technical development and market growth, LED has been widely used in industrial and consumer electronic products. Due to its power saving, light weight, durable, and colorful advantages over other light sources, high brightness LED (HB LED) has boomed up LED industry since 1990’s. Breakthrough in HB LED technology is catalyzing the emergence of solid-state lighting (SSL) era. Most of the LED manufacturers in the world are making efforts to be the leader of this revolutionary competition.

With the strong industrial infrastructure and worldwide competitiveness, Taiwan has become the second largest LED manufacturer in the world in 1998, next to Japan. This study is focusing on the rivalry in SSL industry among Taiwan, Mainland China, Korea, and Japan. Based on the analysis and comparison of the competitive advantages of these four countries, this study concludes four suggestions to Taiwan LED industry and government as following: 1. Through the cooperation of technology developments among enterprises, universities, and R&D institutes, Taiwan SSL industry could keep pace with competitors in the world. 2. Keep cost advantage over competitors by product standardization and mass production. 3. Combine the strength of LED industry and conventional lighting industry of Taiwan, and adapt own-brand strategy to penetrate market. 4. Aggressive government policy to encourage the industry.