六標準差設計應用於ODM電子產品設計品質提升之研究—以無線通訊產品為例

Abstract

過去我們常見到各種品質工具在產品開發階段或生產製造階段的運用，但是如果只是單獨運用各品質工具，則會流於局部與片段的改善。由於一般企業大都資源有限，如何透過良好的程序與使用簡易的方法來處理產品設計開發上的品質問題，則往往才是企業界最關注的重點。本研究嘗試以六標準差設計(DFSS)的系統觀，透過運用Kano模式、電子零件失效率分析、環境可靠度試驗等之品質工具，結合DMADV(Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify)程序作創新流程的整合，來提升ODM電子產品之設計品質。 本研究方法實際在M公司運用後，以TL9000通訊產業品質管理系統國際標準所引用之退貨指標YRR(One-Year Return Rate)，作為量化衡量產品設計品質與可靠度的依據，並將最近一年實際數據作比較分析，發現採用DFSS之ODM產品族群在YRR指標的表現上，要明顯比未採用DFSS之OEM產品族群好，而且其相對值可高達平均約25倍的差距，若轉換成標準差，則約有1.12 σ的差距。在DFSS的應用領域上，如果能充份抓住客戶與市場的需求，並有效分配公司可運用之資源，發展出適合自己公司產品開發的方法，可大幅提高企業競爭力。

It was very popular to find the applications of various kinds of quality tools apply on the products development or the production improvement in the industry. If we just use quality tool alone, that only has limited improvement. How to improve the design quality of product through a good procedure and simple method, it will be the most attention and major care for enterprises. This research is tried with the systematic view of “Design for Six Sigma (DFSS )” process, combine with the quality tools of Kano model, reliability prediction of electronic equipment (failure rate analysis) and environmental / reliability testing to improve the design quality of ODM electronic products. We use an index YRR(One-Year Return Rate) from TL 9000 Quality Management System Requirements of the worldwide telecommunication industry to evaluate the measurable effect of product design quality. This DFSS procedure was practiced in M company actually. We find the average YRR result of ODM product family (with DFSS process) is better than OEM product family (without DFSS process). Its relative value can be up to 25 times of disparity and 1.12 sigma. On the application of DFSS, if we can fulfill the demand from customer and market, and use the resources of company effectively. That will contribute to develop out the method of product design to suit specified company, and then improve enterprise's competitiveness.