三相交流馬達功率級之研製

Abstract

馬達驅動器技術可分成功率級與控制級兩大部份，兩者必須互相配 合，才能得到絕佳的性能。一般的驅動器研究，都是以控制級的向量控制 法則為核心，然後完成驅動器的分析與設計，本論文的重點則是放在功率 級的設計與實現，再配合全數位化的控制級，完成整個驅動器的實現。 功率級設計的核心為DC電源到AC電源轉換的變流器（Inverter），此部份 我們使用智慧型功率模組（IPM）來實現，其介面電路、驅動電路、保護 電路與散熱問題等都一一說明其設計與實現的方法，功率級其他部份，包 括啟動電路、動態煞車電路、電流與電壓迴授電路等的設計與實現方法， 也都詳細的說明，元件的選取方法也包括在內，完成整個功率級的分析、 設計與實現。然後配合德州儀器公司所生產的數位訊號處理器TMS320F240 ，實現全數位化控制級的實現，採用此顆DSP不但速度快，而且擁有馬達 控制功能的支援，使我們在功率級完成後，根據個人的需要，使用不同的 控制方法，無須更改功率級架構。最後則是應用我們所設計的功率級，配 合以TMS320F240為基礎的控制級，完成整個馬達的驅動系統，同時以實驗 驗證設計的系統。 The technologies of motor drivers can be separated into two aspects, which are power stage and control stage. We can achieve better performances with these two aspects working coordinately. Generally, the research in motor drivers aim at vector control of control stageto accomplish the analysis and design of motor drivers. But in the thesis, our key point is in analysis, design and implementation of power stage. Additionally, we will use digitalcontrol stage to accomplish the implementation of motor drivers. The kernel technology of power stage is the inverter of DC to AC conversion. We implemented this with the Intelligent Power Modules(IPM). The design and implementation about IPM include interface circuit, driving circuit, protection circuit and heat dissipation problem is in detail. The other parts of power stage about starting circuit,dynamic brake circuit, voltage and current feedback circuit are also analyzed and designed. The selecting methods of devices are also included. After the implementation of power stage, We implemented the digital control stage by using Discrete Signal Processing chip(DSP) TMS320F240, which is produced by Texas instrument(TI). This DSP has some feature including fast calculating ability and supporting most control function of motor driving. With this DSP and power stage we implemented, We can use the control algorithm we like to implement motor driving system by software changing only. Finally, we tested the system we implemented with experience, and compare with simulatedresult.