個人溝通風格、對網路空間的認知及其個人網頁自我呈現之研究∼以交通大學學生為例

Abstract

本研究將網路空間視為新的人際互動場域，個人網頁則是網路空間中自我呈現和進行人際互動的一個窗口。本研究旨在探討個人的溝通風格、對網路空間的認知、個人網頁自我呈現及這三者之間的可能關係，共有下列六個研究重點：(1)個人網頁主人的溝通風格型態；(2)個人網頁主人對網路空間的認知；(3)個人網頁的自我呈現內涵；(4)網頁主人的溝通風格與其對網路空間認知之關係；(5)網頁主人的溝通風格與其個人網頁自我呈現之關係；與(6)網頁主人對網路空間的認知及其個人網頁自我呈現之關係。 本研究以103位交通大學大三、大四學生為研究個案，採用問卷調查法瞭解網頁主人的個人溝通風格和網路空間認知，並以內容分析法對個人網頁的自我呈現內涵進行分析。 研究結果發現，網頁主人的溝通風格以「友善的」溝通風格最為明顯，其他依序為「生動的」、「注意的」、「戲劇性的」、「精確的」、「印象留存的」、「好辯的」、「支配的」、「溝通者形象」、「開放的」及「放鬆的」溝通風格。 在網頁主人對網路空間的認知方面，他們傾向認為網路是個虛幻、充滿不確定性的想像空間。和真實世界相比，網路空間中的互動很便利，而且能夠暢所欲言、不論自處或與人互動皆十分自在。在網路裡參與平等，不會受真實身份地位限制，且身份不易曝光，容易讓人感覺安心。另外，他們也肯定網路中能獲得社會支持。本研究也發現，網路在網頁主人的日常生活中佔有頗重要的地位。他們相當重視網路公共空間中的私密安全，並認為網路人際還是得與真實人際互動彼此相輔相成，方能維繫穩固。 在個人網頁自我呈現內涵方面，以「物質我」的訊息最常被提及。就內容豐富程度和整體印象來看，以「物質我」和「網路延伸我」所能呈現的最為豐富完整。 在網頁主人的溝通風格與網路空間認知方面，「放鬆的」、「支配的」溝通風格越明顯，或「溝通者形象」越佳的網頁主人，越傾向認為網路是個「虛幻空間」。「友善的」、「精確的」、「戲劇性的」溝通風格越明顯者，越傾向認為網路空間「互動便利」。「友善的」、「注意的」、「精確的」、「生動的」及「戲劇性的」溝通風格越明顯者，越傾向認為網路是「平等安全」的。「友善的」、「精確的」溝通風格越明顯者，網路在他們日常生活中也佔有較重要的地位。 在網頁主人的溝通風格及其個人網頁自我呈現方面，「友善的」溝通風格越明顯者，其個人網頁的「物質我」呈現越豐富完整。「友善的」、「生動的」、「戲劇性的」溝通風格越明顯者，其個人網頁的「社會我」呈現越豐富完整。「好辯的」、「開放的」溝通風格越明顯者，其個人網頁「精神我」的豐富完整性反而越低。 在網頁主人對網路空間的認知及其個人網頁自我呈現方面，越傾向認為網路「互動便利」者，其個人網頁「社會我」的呈現越豐富完整。越傾向認為網路中可以進行「角色扮演」者，其個人網頁的「網路延伸我」也越豐富完整。此外，越重視網路與真實人際需相輔相成者，他們在個人網頁「物質我」的呈現越豐富完整。對那些把網路視為生活重要部份的人而言，其個人網頁的「物質我」、「社會我」和「網頁整體呈現」也較為豐富完整。 最後，研究者針對後續研究提出建議。

In this case study, we regarded cyberspace as a new place for human interaction. Personal homepages seemed to be the gateway for self-presentation and human interaction in the cyberspace. This case study examined communicators' style, their perception of cyberspace and the self-presentation in their personal homepages. There were six research objectives: (1) the communicator style of personal homepage owners; (2) personal homepage owners' their perception of cyberspace; (3) the self-presentation in personal homepages; (4) relationship between homepage owners' communicator style and their perception of cyberspace; (5) relationship between homepage owners' communicator style and the self-presentation in their personal homepages; and (6) relationship between homepage owners' perception of cyberspace and the self-presentation in their personal homepages. 103 students in NCTU were taken as the cases in this research. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to measure communicator style and perception of cyberspace. Content analysis was conducted to analyze the self-presentation in personal homepages. The results indicated that "friendly" was the most salient communicator style, followed by "animated", "attentive", "dramatic", "precise", "impression-leaving", "contentious", "dominant", "communicator image", "open", and "relaxed". The homepage owners tended to think of cyberspace as a virtual space, which was convenient, comfortable and equal for interaction. Social support was also obtained in the cyberspace. Cyberspace was considered important in their daily life. They also thought highly of private safety in the cyberspace and felt that the virtual relationship should be assisted with real-world contact. For the self-presentation in personal homepages, compared to the "social me", the "spiritual me" and the "net-extended me", the "material me" was most frequently furnished. By the general impression of three coders, the information about the "material me" and the "net-extended me" provided in homepages were richer and rather complete. As to the relationship among communicator style, perception of cyberspace and self-presentation in personal homepages, the results were as followed: Homepage owners with "relaxed", "dominant" styles and better "communicator image" tended to think of cyberspace as a virtual space. Owners with "friendly", "precise" and "dramatic" styles tended to feel the convenience for interaction in the cyberspace. Owners with "friendly", "attentive", "precise", "animated" and "dramatic" styles tended to think that it's equal and safe in the cyberspace. Owners with "friendly" and "precise" styles tended to place importance on the cyberspace in their daily life. Homepage owners with "friendly" communicator style tended to have richer and rather complete presentation about the "material me". Owners with "friendly", "animated", "dramatic" communicator styles tended to present richer and rather complete information about the "social me". Owners with "contentious" and "open" communicator styles tended to furnish poorer and less complete information about the "spiritual me". Homepage owners who thought highly of the convenient interaction in the cyberspace tended to have richer and rather complete presentation about the "social me". Owners who thought highly of the role playing in the cyberspace tended to present richer and rather complete information about the "net-extended me". Owners who placed importance on the real-world contact as the facilitator of the virtual relationship tended to furnish richer and rather complete information about the "materiel me". For those who regarded the cyberspace as an important part in daily life, their presentation about the "material me", the "social me" and the "net-extended me" were richer and rather complete in personal homepages. Finally, suggestions were furnished for future studies.