奈米技術與台灣產業的競爭策略-鑽石模型的應用

Abstract

奈米科技是多領域交集發展之綜合性跨領域科技，包括物理、化學、材料科學、光學、電子學、生物學等。世界各國普遍相信領導下一次工業革命的推動力，將由資訊網路、生物技術轉變為奈米科技主導而相繼大力投資。當全球都在發展奈米科技的同時，台灣奈米科技產業的策略在有限資源的限制下應該有所選擇，選出最適合的發展策略。

本研究透過porter 競爭優勢模型分析台灣奈米科技的發展現況與優劣勢分析，並且對台灣傳統與原有高科技產業的價值體系與發展策略提出建議。另外因為奈米科技尚在萌芽期的階段，如何創新與形成產業群聚是最重要的。透過奈米成功關鍵因素的分析，本研究設計出適合台灣的奈米產業創新服務平台，期以提升台灣國家整體競爭力。

透過研究，本研究發現最適合台灣發展的奈米產業為可藉由奈米科技創新產品的傳統民生產業，如石化、塑膠、紡織、家電、和食品業等等；其次為目前已形成產業聚的高科技產業，資訊產業、半導體產業，光電產業；而新興科技產業，如生物科技業、環境與能源等產業，還需很長一段時間的研發且未必有效益。而希望藉由奈米科技來轉型或產業升級的產業，如金屬、材料、機械等，台灣基礎研究人才不足，只能專注關鍵基礎奈米材料發展。

本研究分析台灣奈米產業主要發展策略所得結論如下： 1.台灣發展奈米產業應以差異化和差異化集中為主要發展策略 2.台灣應以具產業規模的民生傳統產業轉型，從下游做奈米商品化應用 3.產官學間的跨聯盟機制與平台必須建立，以利相關產業互相支援 4.對奈米產品的安全性與認證必須有所規範 5.奈米需要長時間的發展投資，而且專業技術與跨領域人才的培育是重點

Nano-technology is a multi-field development field mixed science and technology comprehensively, including physics, chemistry, material science, optics, electronics, biology, etc... The countries all over the world generally believe that lead the motive force of the next industrial revolution, will be changed from information technology, biotechnology to nano technology, and decide to make the investment in a more cost-effective manner . While the countries continuously developed nano technology in the whole world, Taiwan should be chosen to develop the nanotechnology industry tactics to some extent, elected the most suitable development tactics.

This research analyzed present situation and excellent-inferior position of Taiwan nano science technology development, through Porter’s competitive advantage model, and put forward the suggestion of Taiwann nanotechnology development strategy on the original tradition and Hi-Tech industry. On the other hand, the stage of nano technology is still sprout, it is the most important how to innovate and form industry's clustering. Through the analysis of the key success factors of nano-industry, this research has designed a suitable innovative service platform of Taiwan nano industry, in order to improve the national whole competitiveness of Taiwan.

Through study, the most suitable for Taiwan nano-industry development is traditional livelihood nano industry ,which can apply nanotechnology innovation to most of the original products , for instance petrochemical industry , plastics , textile , electrical home appliances, and food industry ,etc.; The second is to apply the nanotechnology to form the hi-tech industry that has gathered in Taiwan ,such as information technology industry, semiconductor industry and, photoelectric industry; The third is the new developing industries, for instance , biotechnology , environment and energy industry,etc., which still takes a very long time to develop and may not be profitable；The last is the industries that hope the nanotechnology to make the transition of industry upgrading , for instance metal, material, and machinery industry ,etc. For the Taiwan basic research talent insufficient, it’s better that only focus on some key fundamental nano materials.

By analyzed Taiwan main nano-industries，we got the conclusion of the main competitive strategies of Taiwan nano-industry as follows: 1.The main strategies of Taiwan nano industry should be difference or focus on difference. 2.Taiwan should make the transition for the traditional industry of people's livelihood with industry's scale, and the commercialized nanotechnology application from the low reaches 3.The stepping alliance's mechanism and platform must be set up , which could make the relevant industry，officer and studying work together. 4.The nano products should be qualified and managed to secure the people. 5.It still needs a long-time development investment of the nanotechnology industry, and professional technique and multi-domain talents cultivation are the key points.