台灣因應大中華地區無線通訊產業發展之策略定位

Abstract

台灣自80年代以來，發展為PC王國與全球第三大資訊國。但21世紀之際，資訊業已面臨成長瓶頸，全球經濟成長趨緩。台灣應如何因應? 台灣的產官學界認為寬頻通訊相關產業被是未來經濟成長的主要動力。其中，又以光纖通訊及無線通訊最被看好。但自2000年第三季，全球通訊產業由盛而衰。全球手機產業結構正進入一次激烈的水平與垂直重新整合與分工。 本研究分析了台灣與中國大陸手機產業供應鏈現況，比較各自優勢，推論具競爭力之供應鏈分工型態。關鍵為高頻元件供應鍊，再針對此產業，討論每一重要環節可行的產業競爭策略。 本研究中，提出大中華市場的手機產業正發展成四個區域的對抗： 1. 京津地區：國家研究中心與一流大學雲集，研究素質高，中央政策易於掌握，適合設立技術中心。 2. 大上海地區：招商積極活潑，基礎建設較完善，西化程度高，較易吸引大型外商進駐，設置營運中心。 3. 廣東／香港地區：既有輕工業發達，資訊產業支援體系容易轉移至無線通訊產業，香港外貿興盛，形 成以外銷為主的外銷中心。 4. 台灣地區：產業體系最完整，已經驗證的量產管理能力；大部分組裝生產會西移以上區域，有機會成為整合中心。 總結本文，台灣手機產業的競爭力愈來愈強；但未來最大的隱憂為： 1. 國際CEM大廠深化與領導手機大廠的策略夥伴關係。 2. 政治力使台灣手機產業在大中華市場被邊緣化。 本研究認為唯有建立高頻元件工業，台灣手機產業鍊才具競爭優勢，可與國際CEM大廠相抗衡，才有機會在大中華市場扮演重要角色，與大陸業者共創品牌，兩岸雙贏。 l. 台灣手機產業應該由建立具國際競爭力的關鍵零組件工業開始；而最重要的環節為高頻元件自主設計與製造。 2. 大陸應加速開發制定新世代的無線通訊技術規格、相關基頻半導體及應用軟體。 3. 台灣業者應與大陸業者攜手合作，以大中華市場為腹地，共創品牌，孕育世界級的無線通訊企業，達兩岸雙贏之目的。

Since 1980’s, Taiwan has been turned into the kingdom of PC and developed the third largest IT industry of the world. It is generally believed in Taiwan that the economic growth in the future greatly depends on the communication related industries; especially the optical and wireless communication since the IT industry slows down significantly. This study has analyzed the current status of the supply chain of mobile phone industry in Taiwan and China. According to this study, RF IC is the most important segment for Taiwanese companies. This study also suggests competition strategy for all segments of RF IC supply chain. This study indicates there are four mobile phone industry clusters within great China area: 1. Beijing/Tienjing: good technical support by many national research centers and universities around this area; close to central government and more agile in terms of policy; technical center. 2. Great Shanghai: good infrastructure, the most westernized area in China; business center. 3. Guangdong/Hongkong: established supporting industry for IT could easily adapt to mobile phone industry; mature trading support by H.K.; export center. 4. Taiwan: the best industry infrastructure; proven mass production management; most of the production lines would be moved to the areas described above; integration center. In summary, the mobile phone supply chain in Taiwan is getting more competitive with two threats: 1. CEM companies lock up with the leading mobile phone brands. 2. Politics keeps Taiwanese mobile phone industry out of China market. In conclusion, Taiwanese should build a strong RF IC industry segment to form a complete supply chain to compete with CEM companies and to incubate a world-class wireless communication company by utilizing the booming market of great China. In conclusion, the win-win strategy for Taiwanese and Chinese companies is to co-develop the leading local brands. l. Taiwan should dedicate to establish the key components for wireless communication industry, especially RF IC. 2. China should focus on the technical specifications of the advanced wireless communication in terms of base-band IC and relevant software. 3. Taiwan should co-work with China in promoting the local brands to utilize the individual strength of the both and leads to a promising win-win partnership.