台灣光通訊產業產業組合與創新政策之分析

Abstract

本研究以產業組合模式(Industrial Portfolio)分析台灣光通訊產業之發展方向，並建議政府在發展光通訊產業各階段中所應支援之產業政策。 本研究將整體光通訊產業區隔為三項產品領域進行研究，分別為光纖、光主動元件、光被動元件等三項產品領域，進行產業分析。本研究之主要架構以產業組合分析模式為基礎，設計出光通訊產業組合分析模式，其定位構面縱軸為台灣光通訊產業技術能力，而橫軸為全球產業生命週期。本研究在研究方法上採取文獻分析、專家訪談與專家問卷調查，而在統計方法上兼採有母數統計與無母數統計方法以進行小樣本專家問卷之統計推論。 研究結果顯示，台灣在光通訊產業八大創新需求資源配合度皆不足，因此政府必須訂定明確的發展目標，集中資源來發展。 光纖產業目前的定位在全球產業生命週期的專業期，且位於產業技術能力的技術改進期。光主動元件產業目前的定位在全球產業生命週期的變遷期，且位於產業技術能力的技術改進期。光被動元件產業目前的定位在全球產業生命週期的變遷期，且位於產業技術能力的技術開發期。 此外，本研究針對光通訊產業目前市場之定位與未來應發展之方向，並根據產業需求要素與政策對應關係，提出台灣在『科學與技術開發』、『教育與訓練』、『資訊服務』、『政策性措施』及『政府採購』五項政策工具是首要努力的方向，『科學與技術開發』之具體推動政策包括「建立跨領域技術與工程發展機構」，『教育與訓練』之具體推動政策包括「加強跨領域工程人才的培養」，『資訊服務』之具體推動政策包括「光通訊產業技術知識及資訊中心的建立，便於產業知識及資訊之交流」，『政策性措施』之具體推動政策包括「推動寬頻網路，建設台灣成寬頻島，帶動相關產品需求」，『政府採購』之具體推動政策包括「推動寬頻網路，建設台灣成寬頻島，帶動相關產品需求」。

This thesis reports on a portfolio analysis for the strategic development for Taiwan’s optical communications industry. An attempt is made to provide policy recommendations, as demanded by industrial firms, to the government. The optical communications industry is segmented into three product/market areas, namely, fiber industry, active optical component industry, and passive optical component industry. The portfolio model entails a 2-dimensional analysis, in which the technological capacity and the industrial life cycle of the industry are used as, respectively, the vertical and horizontal axes. Three research methods are used for data collection, which include literature review, expert interview, and general survey. The results indicate that the fiber industry is now positioned in the technology improvement stage of the technological capacity, and the specific phase of the industrial life cycle. The active optical component industry is now positioned at the technology improvement stage, and the transitional phase of the industrial life cycle. The passive optical component industry is now positioned at the technology development stage, and the transitional phase of the industrial life cycle. Evaluating the Industrial Innovation Requirements and policy tools leads to a recommendation that the most critical categories of policy instruments be Scientific and Technical Development, Education and Training, Information, Political, and Procurement. The government should establish the integrated technology institute for engineering development, optical communications industrial parks, and technology information centers to encourage knowledge diffusion and accumulation. Moreover, the government should promote Fiber To The Home for national broadband infrastructure. Furthermore, the government should emphasize more on the engineering training than on the science training.