地方行政人員工作情境特性及行政人員人格特質對其工作壓力知覺影響之研究

Abstract

本研究以問卷調查來探討地方行政人員所處機構的工作情境特性及行政人員的人格特質對其工作壓力知覺的影響。結果顯示機構派系化程度愈高、工作多樣化愈高、工作與民眾互動愈多，行政人員知覺的工作壓力愈大；行政人員的工作成長機會愈高、工作自主性愈高，其所知覺的工作壓力愈小；愈內控傾向、彈性愈高的行政人員其所知覺的工作壓力愈小；但自信心高者卻知覺較大的工作壓力。行政人員的人格特質對工作情境特性與行政人員的工作壓力知覺關係具有調節作用，行政人員彈性愈高時，派系化程度對壓力知覺的正向影響增強，但工作多樣化對壓力知覺的正向影響減弱；行政人員愈傾向外控時，工作多樣化對壓力知覺的正向影響增強。根據上述的發現，本研究對如何減少行政人員的工作壓力提出建議。

This study used questionnaires to explore the relationships between local governmental employees’ job-situation characteristics, the employees’ personality traits, and their perceived job stress. The results show that the employees’ perceived job stress rose as the partisanship within local government, the diversity of their work activity, and the level of their interaction with public increased. Growth opportunities in job and job autonomy reduced their perceived job stress. A personality of internal locus of control and a higher level of confidence in job led to a lower level of perceived job stress; however, a higher level of confidence increased the perceived stress. We also discovered that the employees’ personality traits moderated the relationships between the job characteristics and the perceived stress. Under a higher level of personal flexibility, the partisanship’s effect on the perceived stress became greater; however, the job diversity’s effect on the perceived stress became smaller. When the employees were more externally controlled, the diversity’s positive effect on the perceived job stress became stronger. Based on these findings, we propose a set of suggestions for reducing the public employees’ job stress.