數位落差在行動與固線寬頻之研究—以柬埔寨與台灣為例

Abstract

近年來，行動電話的盛行與行動寬頻的爆炸性成長，越來越多人能更輕易取得網路，也因此降低了網路資源的取得不平等性，許多開發中國家也開始追隨此一趨勢，根據作者在柬埔寨當地的所見所聞以及當地志工朋友的解說，本研究欲比較台灣與柬埔寨之網際網路擴散的影響因素，研究期間為2001年至2011年，同時，也將強調行動寬頻與行動電話對國家之間的數位落差所產生的影響。若說台灣網路的關鍵發展在於固線寬頻網路，那柬埔寨則是行動寬頻網路，闡明未來行動網路在網際網路發展過程中扮演了更重要的角色，為其他尚未開發或開發中國家，提供一個有效降低數位落差的依據。 實證結果顯示：在柬埔寨方面，行動電話、電話普及率及人口密度對網際網路使用人數為正向顯著影響，固線寬頻普及率與政治穩定度為負向顯著影響。台灣方面，固線寬頻普及率、ICT產品進口額比率及人口密度對網際網路使用人數為正向顯著影響，電話普及率為負向顯著影響。

In recent years, because of the popularity of mobile phones and mobile broadband’s explosive growth, people can more easily reach Internet, gradually reducing the digital inequality, many developing countries have begun to follow this trend. According to my saw and heard in Cambodia and with local friends help, this study research the Internet diffusion factors between Taiwan and Cambodia for the period 2001 to 2011, also emphasizing the mobile broadband and mobile phones’ impact on digital divide between countries. If we say that the key network diffusion factors in Taiwan lies in fixed broadband, then Cambodia is in mobile broadband. Clarify the future development of mobile network has played an important role for other undeveloped or developing countries, providing an effective basis for reducing the digital divide. The empirical results in Cambodia show mobile phones, telephone penetration rate and population density have a significant positive impact on Internet diffusion. Fixed broadband and political stability have a significant negative impact. In Taiwan, fixed broadband penetration rate, ICT goods imports (% total goods imports) and population density have a significant positive impact on Internet diffusion. Telephone penetration rate has a significant negative impact.