寡占市場面板廠玻璃基板供應商之生產與備料整合模式 – 以A公司為例

Abstract

現今顯示器市場已由傳統CRT全面換為面板顯示器，而人類幾乎已離不開電視、手機的生活。全球玻璃基板產業目前是由四家業者瓜分市場，處於寡占的局面。研究之公司在精密玻璃已深耕多年，現有主力產品為無鹼玻璃，2006 年所推出的新一代產品，產品供應全球各大面板廠使用。然而市場需求機制雖有預測，但往往一個突發因素便打亂所有的生產計劃，上自原料商，下至面板製造商，甚而手機電視組裝廠都受影響。而往更上游的玻璃基板需求預測，幾乎從未精確，面板廠為能接下客戶的緊急訂單，因此便紛紛拉高玻璃基板的安全庫存量，這樣的結果導致玻璃基板需求量不穩定，波動起伏非常大，也造成基板供應商不知如何安排生產線。更不知如何採買生產物料，生產排程隨著客戶拉貨的差異，物料耗用也沒有依計畫進行。時常造成物料短缺或採買過剩，這樣的結果造成備料無依據可循，採購人員需做太多非計畫性的工作。 本研究主要是使用SWOT分析對其採用不同的生產模式（計畫性生產、JIT生產模式、混合式生產），會帶來什麼效果。並使用修改過的AHP模式，進行專家訪談調查，最後採用專家決策分析模式。其方法是一個以層級架構，來組織可行方案中決策元素(評估要點)可行性量化評估，進而可以融入專家與實際參與決策者之意見，幫助決策者作評估判斷的思維方法。為本研究公司找到一個最佳的生產模式。

Abstract It all changed traditional CRT into panel monitor in the market of the monitor. People can’t live without TV and phone which all are made by it. The glass substrate industry is oligopoly and divided into four main owners. In this research, this company has developed for many years. Their main product is Non-alkali glass, which is appeared in 2006. It provided many big monitor factories in the world. We often make prediction on the demand of the market. However, it will get in trouble because of sudden factors. It will influence their production plan for raw material provider to monitor manufacturer. It will also affect TV or phone assembly factory. The demand to the upstream never predicts exactly. In order to receive the emergency orders from the clients, it raise up the amount of safe stock. This will result in unstable demand. The substrate will not know how to arrange production line and to buy raw material. Everything will get in trouble and unplanned. It doesn’t have standard roles. In this study, I use the SWOT to analyze different modes of production, including of planned production、Just in time model and mixed mode. I also use AHP model to do expert surveys. Lastly, we use expert decision-making analysis. This method is a layer structure. It uses decision elements (evaluation points) to do Quantitative assessment. It can also combine expert comments to make decision and helps the decision maker. This research finds the best production model.