台灣CSA的發展與運作：以新竹頤禾園有機農園與千甲聚落CSA農場為例

Abstract

社區協力農業（Community Supported Agriculture；CSA）是指，在產季開始之前，社區的支持者先繳交「會費」給農夫，而農夫承諾以友善環境的方式生產健康的作物，並與支持者共享，不論豐收或欠收。CSA是一種生產者與消費者共同承諾承擔風險與收穫的產銷模式，它沒有既定的規則與標準，強調的是因地制宜。因此，在實務的操作上可以有許多變化與創意作法。 本研究以位在新竹地區的兩個農場：新竹市「千甲聚落CSA農場」、新竹縣「頤禾園有機農園」為研究個案，進行CSA的紀錄與探討。這兩個農場有共通之處，但也因為農場主人不同的風格與對CSA不同的認知，形塑出不同的營運方式與農園景觀。兩家農場的營運都說明了返鄉務農的確是可行的，是可以養家活口的。同時，CSA引進國內雖仍屬萌芽階段，在地化的過程仍在調適、轉變中，有些限制也仍待突破。本研究樂觀預期，以家庭小農為基礎的生產方式將更緊密地把家庭、社區與人們的生活連結起來，帶動人類的永續發展。

Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) means that before the growing season starts, supporters pay 'membership fee’ to farmers those who promise to produce healthy crops by treating the environment friendly and share the crops with them, no matter good or bad crops. CSA is the model of production and marketing to promise to take risk or gather in the crops between producers and consumers. It has no regular rules or standards, but emphasizes to adjust measure to local circumstances. Therefore, there are various changeable and creative methods in the realistic practice. This research focuses on two farms in HsinChu district, HsinChu City' Qianjia Farm’ and HsinChu County' Eco_Farm’ for case studies to record and confer on CSA. These two farms have common parts, but are shaped into different operation manners and plantation landscapes due to farmers’ dissimilar style and recognition of CSA. These two farms’ business all exposes that returning homeland to engage in agriculture is feasible and can make enough to feed whole family. In the meantime, CSA which is brought in Taiwan is still in initial stage, so localization of CSA is in adaptive and convertible status, and needs to break through some limitations. This research optimistically anticipates that the production mode on base of family smallholder will connect with family, community and people's lives more tightly to drive a sustainable human development.