以資源基礎論探討企業競爭優勢-以建興米廠為例

Abstract

稻米一向是中華民族最主要的糧食作物之一，也是國內農戶數量最多、植栽面積最廣也是最主要的耕作農產品，除了能夠保障人民糧食供應的穩定之外，對於現在保育生態、農村經濟的發展與傳承以農立國的華人文化舉足輕重。 本研究以建興米廠作為研究對象，身為池上鄉歷史最悠久的碾米廠，建興米廠不僅僅是業內成功標竿，更是推動池上米成為商標認證的舵手。面對從農業時代轉為工商業時代市場變化，建興米廠必然有著相對特殊的背景與發展經歷，在研究個案公司的競爭優勢之前，勢必要先研究該公司的背景與發展經歷，才能進行更深入的分析及研究，期望能透過深度訪談的方式，透過專訪來找出為何建興米廠歷久不衰的因素。 本研究認為建興米廠有以下五點關鍵成功因素，茲分述如下： 一、推動建立全台第一個稻米產地證明制度，符合WTO- TRIPS協定中「地理標示」的精神。 二、農民自費研習掌握稻米品質的關鍵因素，分享冠軍米的栽培經驗。 三、建立稻米以品質計價的收購制度辦理米質競賽，提供高額獎金發放，激勵農民提高品質，不再以量取勝。 四、落實田間栽培紀錄之填寫，輔導農民生產技術，快速農葯檢測殘留安全把關，使稻米安全、品質提昇。 五、由第三公正團體「池潭源流協進會」把關，幫忙農民教育訓練及米質評比，專業化輔導農民，效果顯著。

Rice has long been the most primary food source to the Chinese people. It is the most important agricultural product that commands the most farmers and shares the most massive growing areas. In addition to providing a steady guaranteed food supply, rice has played an important role in eco environment protection, countryside economic development, and the continuation of the Chinese culture in establishing the nation by farming. This study-case company, Chih Shang Rice Co., Ltd. (the“Case Company”), being the longest existing and credentialed rice manufacturer in Chihshang Township, is not only the successful icon in the industry, but also the driving force to the accomplishment of the trademarked certification of Chihshang Rice. Having faced market changes from the agricultural era to the industrial / commercial eras, the Case Company certainly has strengthened its shares of extraordinary background as well as gained invaluable expertise throughout its various development stages. In order to understand the reasoning behind its competitive advantages, it's necessary to examine its background and development stages before proceeding to a more detailed and thorough analysis and study along with in-depth interviews, and thereupon discovering the elements to the Case Company's long rising existence. This study concludes five key elements to the Case Company’s success: 1. Establishing and advocating t the first rice certificate of original in Taiwan that also meets the spirits of“Geographic Identification”in WTO-TRIPS. 2. Enabling farmers extra learning about the key factors to control rice quality at their own expenses, sharing the growing experiences of their award-winning rice. 3. Establishing the rice purchasing systems based on quality instead of quantity through rice-quality competition with higher competition awards so as to encourage the farmers. 4. Implementing rice growing record-keeping and transcripts, providing guidance of the growing techniques to farmers while conducting fast and efficient pesticidal inspections to ensure safety and to further increase rice quality. 5. Having a 3rd -party independent organization, Chitan Organization, provide training to farmers and evaluate rice quality which, with their expertise, has proven to come with great effects.