農業生產性服務業之策略分析

Abstract

傳統農業原為第一級產業，隨著服務化時代來臨，生產型產業也逐漸轉向第三級產業，以農業來看，便形成農業生產性服務業。同時為專業知識涵量高、技術複雜度高、跨領域整合度高的新興科技服務產業，具備知識密集型服務業 特性，極適合本研究所採用的創新密集服務平台模式來分析。 本研究以內部核心能力與外部資源涵量為兩大主體分析構面進行各項因子的處理與說明，推論出創新密集服務業的內外部需求條件。在內部核心能力的分析中，探討在服務設計、測試認證、市場行銷、配銷活動、售後服務、支援活動六大類內部核心能力及其特性，並根據不同屬性，進行企業策略矩陣定位與評量分析。在外部資源涵量的分析中，強調外部專業能量的掌握，探討在互補資源、研究發展、產品設計、產品生產、服務提供、市場行銷、其他客戶等七大類外部資源涵量及其特性，並根據不同屬性，進行企業策略矩陣定位與評量分析；以四種客製化程度與五種創新方式所構成的4X5 矩陣進行分析，藉由結合兩大主體的差異分析了解未來策略發展趨勢。 研究結果顯示，發展農業生產型服務業，目前定位於「產品創新之一般型服務」，未來(5～7年)策略定位為「結構創新之專屬服務」、「市場創新之選擇服務」。服務價值活動以「測試認證」、「行銷」、「配銷」、「售後服務」、及「支援活動」為重要核心構面。這個產業剛剛起步，各界共識尚待凝聚，結構創新是廠商進入產業的首要選擇。

This thesis reports on an analysis of operating strategy of the producer services in the Agricultural industry based on the model of innovation intensive services (IIS).By structuring a 4x5 matrix, encompassing four service packages and five innovation modes, we elucidated the strategic positioning and future development trend of the industry. It was found that core competence and externalities required to compete effectively are determined in the industry. The model respectively dissects four influential factors of industrial environments and technological systems at the industry-level analysis to verify the requirements of industrial innovation system. IIS Matrix will help deduce critical elements of industrial environment and technological systems at the industry level by strategic positioning and KSFs in the firm level. The requirements of industrial environment and technological systems will be consolidated into the industrial innovation systems by using the IIS approach. Results showed that in the producer services in the Agricultural industry, the future trend needs to be moved to “Unique Service”, “Selective Service” and “Process Innovation” with the support of core competence in “validation”, “marketing”, “delivery”, “after service”, and “supporting activities” and the externalities of complementarities, production and market. The industry is still in its infancy stage; product innovation is the vendors’ first step to become a member of the producer services in the Agricultural industry.