行人專用時相設置準則之研究

Abstract

行人專用時相可完全分離人車動線，提供全路口行人綠燈而行車號誌全紅之時相，創造安全、舒適及便利之行人步行環境。本研究探討實施行人專用時相隔絕轉向車流與穿越路口行人之人車衝突因素，對路口車輛運行效率與行人安全之助益。 本研究選擇台北市松壽路市府路口、松壽路松智路口二處實施行人專用時相路口，以路口攝影方式調查車輛、行人交通量及人車衝突區之行人佔用率，構建在無實施行人專用時相下，路口穿越行人對轉向車流之影響模式，藉以分析行人專用時相隔絕人車衝突對路口運行效率之影響。最後，藉由近年來人車衝突肇事資料之蒐集，分析行人專用時相對穿越路口行人安全之影響。 以調查路口為個案分析對象，探討行人專用時相設置對路口人、車停等延滯所產生之差異與影響。就右轉車道而言，在轉向車流交通量及穿越行人交通量達到一定程度後，實施行人專用時相能降低延滯。並從台北市號誌化路口歷年肇事資料分析，實施行人專用時相能有效降低路口人車衝突事故之肇事率。

Exclusive Pedestrian Phase can separate entirely the conflicts between pedestrians and turning vehicles. During the phase, pedestrians can cross the intersection in all directions, even diagonally, with a short period of exclusive time. Signal design with Exclusive Pedestrian Phase can provide a safe, comfortable and convenient environment of pedestrian at the signalized intersections, but may increase delays of vehicles at the same time. This research selects two signalized intersections with Exclusive Pedestrian Phase in Taipei city as studying sites for field observation to collect relevant traffic, signal and the conflicts between pedestrian and right turning vehicles, using a conflict zone occupancy approach. Delay models of vehicle and pedestrian with and without the Exclusive Pedestrian Phase at the signalized intersections are developed based on the collected data, which are then used to analyze the effects of the exclusive phase on delay to vehicles and pedestrians under various conditions. Finally, with detailed analysis of traffic accident data in recent years, the effects of Exclusive Pedestrian Phase on safety aspect of passing pedestrians are also explored. It is found out that the Exclusive Pedestrian Phase can effectively reduce the accidents, but reduced in total delays of vehicle and pedestrian occurs only when traffic volumes reach some specific thresholds.