雇用形態對工作涉入之影響

Abstract

1980年以後，非典型工作型態的使用逐漸受到重視。尤其非典型僱用的比例在這幾年有顯著的成長。在台灣，因為全球化競爭日益激烈，市場環境快速變遷，產品需求不確定性增加；為了使勞動資源的配置能夠隨產品市場需求變動迅速地調整，在人力需求方面，企業傾向於勞動力使用的彈性化，使得對非典型勞動(atypical labor)的需求增加。值得注意的一點是，全職工作者跟部份工時工作者在工作涉入的程度卻有顯著的差別。 本研究調查發現： 一、就雇用型態和工作涉入程度的差別而言，發現全職工作者的工作涉入程度比部分工時工作者高。 二、就性別、年齡、婚姻、教育狀況和工作涉入程度的差別而言，發現女性工作者、年齡較大的工作者、結了婚的工作者、教育程度比較高的工作者(不管是全職工作者，或是部份工時工作者)，工作涉入程度都比較高。 由於企業運作模式，以及考量成本效益，難免都會要雇用到部分工時工作者。部分工時工作者並沒有絕對的優缺點，只是要去思考如何把部分工時工作者放在對的定位點，讓他們能夠發揮他們該有的效益。

After 1980, employing atypical employment was getting more and more regard. Especially, the ratio was grew remarkably these years recently. In Taiwan, because global competition was increasingly bruising, the environment changed rapidly, and need for product was getting undefined, about the need for human resources, the corporation was inclined to use labor more flexible, in order to make the allocation of labor resources can adjust rapidly with the fluctuation of demand of product in the market. What must be paid more attention was job involvement was different significantly between full-time workers and part-time works. This research have some conclusions below： 1. In respect of the difference of employment conditions and the degree of job involvement , the observation was that the degree of job involvement of full-time workers was higher than in part-time workers. 2. In respect of the difference of some personal traits, as gender, age, marital status, education, and the degree of job involvement , the observation was that the degree of job involvement of the workers who were female, the senior, married, or highbrow, no matter what employment conditions, was all higher. Because of the operation of corporation, and consideration of cost benefit, it is unescapable to employ part-time workers. Employing part-time workers are not exactly bad, but we must think how to put part-time workers in the right places, so that they can actualize their skill and talent totally.