改善轉導器線性度及應用轉導-電容運算放大器架構之可程式化類比陣列晶片設計

Abstract

本論文旨在採用連續時間型之Gm-C Opamp積分器架構以實現適用於訊號處理之可程式化類比陣列(FPAA)，FPAA的基本單元電路為可配置類比方塊(CAB)，由可調式轉導器、運算放大器、可程式化電容陣列與類比開關所組成。透過改變可配置類比方塊相互間連結的方式，FPAA可達成比例、積分與微分控制器，以及一階、二階或是高階濾波器等多種不同功能之類比電路。本文中也提出並設計適用於FPAA的轉導器，其中透過控制電路改善轉導器的線性輸入範圍，且藉由可程式化電流鏡電路提高轉導值的可調範圍，以增進可程式化類比陣列的規劃能力。下線晶片之設計為驗證可配置類比方塊之功能為主，由轉導器、運算放大器與可程式化電容陣列電路組成具可調式之積分器與濾波器。在操作於5V的供應電壓下，轉導器輸入差動訊號的線性範圍最大可達 0.9V。FPAA的可調頻寬範圍最高可達8MHZ。整體FPAA電路採用TSMC 0.35μm Mixed-Signal 2P4M (5V) 製程技術，並用此製程完成設計與下線。

This thesis adopts the continuous-time Gm-C Opamp integrator configuration to implement the Field Programmable Analog Array (FPAA). The basic building block of FPAA is a Configurable Analog Block (CAB), which consists of a tunable transconductor, an operational amplifier (Opamp), programmable capacitor arrays (PCAs), and analog switches. By changing the signal paths of the CABs, FPAA can implement versatile analog function circuits, such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers as well as the 1st order, 2nd order, or high order filters. This thesis also presents the design of the improved transconductor for FPAA. The linear input range of a transconductor has been enlarged by adding a control circuit. Besides, the gain of the transconductance can be tuned by the programmable current mirror set. The design for chip tapeout verifies the functions of the CAB, primarily consisting of a transconductor, an Opamp, and PCAs. Opearating with a 5V power supply, the maximum linear differential input range of transconductor is 0.9V, and the maximum tunable frequency range is 8MHz. The whole FPAA circuit is designed and fabricated with TSMC 0.35 μm Mixed-Signal 2P4M (5V) process.