具辨識車輛方向功能之都卜勒雷達收發機

Abstract

本篇論文提出一個I/Q 分合混波器的架構且使用單一天線來發射與接收信號，此I/Q 分合混波器可提供移動目標物的方向及速度，其功能如下 : 一則可將本地振盪器的信號傳送到天線端後發射出去 ; 二則可將接收到之反射信號與本地振盪器信號混波後分成兩個(I/Q)中頻信號。另外，利用DGS的特性改善了振盪器離載波信號100KHz遠的相位雜訊大約10-16dB. 本篇論文設計一個10.5GHz之都卜勒雷達收發機，包括5.25GHz鎖相頻率合成器、5.25GHz 至10.5GHz之頻率乘法器、10.5GHz帶通濾波器、I/Q分合混波器、中頻放大器等，接著使用一個X-Band標準天線和數位信號處理來量測此收發機的特性，量測結果顯示可正確的判斷出目標物是接近或遠離以及目標物的移動速度 ，此收發機可應用於智慧型運輸系統。

In this thesis, an I/Q hybrid mixer with particular characteristic of passing LO power to antenna port is proposed to provide the direction and velocity for a moving target, which the transmitted radar signal and the received echo signal pass through the same antenna with no circulator. In addition, the phase noise of oscillator has been reduced by 10-16dB at 100KHz offset from carrier using the Defected Ground Structur ( DGS ). A 10.5GHz Doppler radar transceiver consists of 5.25GHz PLL frequency synthesizer, 5.25GHz to 10.5GHz frequency doubler , 10.5GHz band pass filter ( BPF ) , I/Q hybrid mixers and IF amplifiers which has been designed , fabricated and integrated for above each component. The designed Doppler radar transceiver is then measured using an X-band standard horn antenna and Digital Signal Processing(DSP) that shows the validity of distinguishing a receding target or an approaching target and the related moving velocity for the applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems ( ITS ).