河川生物指標與棲地評估指標相關性之研究

Abstract

本研究以石門水庫集水區八個測站為研究對象，透過2003年至2004年兩年八個季節的調查資料，來探討棲地評估指標與生物整合指標(IBI)、快速生物評估法Ⅲ（RBPⅢ）、藻屬指數（GI）、科級生物指標（FBI）等四個生物指標的相關性；並運用生物指標與棲地評估指標兩者的相關係數，作為各項加權的依據，重新分配棲地評估指標各項的評分數，以提高生物指標與棲地評估指標之相關性，最後建立一套合適石門水庫的棲地評估模式。 研究結果顯示石門水庫集水區內棲地評估指標與生物指標相關性低，無法反映出魚與水生昆蟲的棲地狀況。本研究修正型棲地評估模式以科級生物指標最為適用，其次為生物整合指標，在其次為快速生物評估法，而藻屬指數則不適用。在各季節修正型棲地評估模式中，以春季相關性最高，其次為冬季，其中夏季與秋季兩各季節的相關性低，故均不適用。

This study uses eight survey stations in the water catchment area of the Shihmen Reservoir as research subjects, and the survey data from years 2003 to 2004, over 2 years or eight seasons, to discuss the relationship among the following four indices: Habitat Evaluation Index, Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), Rapid Bioassessment Protocol III (RBPⅢ), Generic Index (GI), and Family-level Biotic Index (FBI). We also manipulated the correlation coefficient of both the Biota Index and Habitat Evaluation Index as a basis for various composite indices to redistribute various grading points of the Habitat Evaluation Index, in order to increase the correlation between the Biota Index and Habitat Evaluation Index, and lastly, to establish an appropriate Habitat Evaluation Model for Shihmen Reservoir.

The results showed a low correlation between the Biota Index and the Habitat Evaluation Index in the water catchment area of Shihmen Reservoir, and failed to reflect the habitat conditions of fish and water insects. This study, using modified Habitat Evaluation Models, finds the application of the Family-level Biotic Index (FBI) to be the most appropriate, followed by the Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), then the Rapid Bioassessment Protocol III (RBPⅢ), with the Generic Index (GI) being the least appropriate. Among the seasonal Habitat Evaluation Models, spring had the highest correlation, followed by winter, and then correlations for summer and fall were low and so not appropriate to use.