雙向放大器之實現與改善暨主動式混頻器與被動式分離器之整合

Abstract

本論文分為雙向放大器與90。 hybrid及混頻器三個部份。利用標準 TSMC 0.18μm RF CMOS 製程完成本論文中所設計的電路。 第一部份描述應用在回波式天線陣列的雙向放大器之分析與設計。此雙向器據有不須使用切換器或控制電壓方向即可達到雙向放大之功用，它包含了兩個反射式放大器與一個90。 hybrid。此雙向放大器可達增益為11dB，S11<-10dB，功率損耗為9mW。 第二部份描述設計一個縮小化90。 Hybrid以改善第一部份利用集總原件設計的90。 hybrid。使用主動式電感取代一般電感可降低面積的損耗及增加品質因子，另一個優點可以增加可調範圍使其在5~6GHz頻段皆可使用。量測結果S11<-10dB、S21為-4dB、S31為-2dB、S41< -15dB，相位差為94~100度。 最後一部份是主動混頻器與被動式分離器之整合，所設計的重點在於微小化的被動式分離器，利用並聯電容方式使耦合線縮短長度並且在電容與耦合線共振時可增加兩個極點，模擬結果CG為11.7 □ 0.6 dB、IIP3為-3.7 dBm、P-1dB為-11 dBm、功率損耗為5mW

The thesis consists of three parts: bi-directional amplifier and quadrature hybrid and mixer. These proposed circuits are fabricated using a standard TSMC 0.18μm RF CMOS process technology. The first part of the thesis describes the design and analysis of a bi-directional amplifier for retro-directive antenna. A modified bi-directional amplifier is used to amplify the signals coming from both ports without any switch or controlled voltage. It contains two identical reflection-type amplifiers and a 3-dB quadrature hybrid. The achieved gain is 11dB , return loss is under -10dB, and the power consumption is 9mW. Since the lump element of quadrature hybrid cost more area, the second part is the design of miniaturized quadrature hybrid. By employing the active inductors, the area can be reduction in this design and the quality factor can be improved. And another advantage of this design is the tuning range from 5GHz to 6GHz. The measurement S11 is under -10dB, S21 is about -4dB, S31 is about -2dB, S41 is under -15dB and the phase difference between S21 and S31 is 94。~100。. The finally part is the design of an active mixer with miniaturized balun. It focus on the design of the miniaturized balun, applied in the integration of mixer. By adding two capacitors, the coupled lines length can be reduced and two poles induce because of the coupled resonators. The simulation results of proposed mixer achieves power conversion gain of 11.7 □ 0.6 dB, IIP3 of -3.7 dBm, and P-1dB of -11 dBm in the power consumption of 5 mW.