多輸入多輸出的正交分頻多工之射頻系統整合平台設計

Abstract

近年來，多輸入多輸出(MIMO)的技術，被廣泛運用於各通訊系統。主要的原因在於其可提供資料傳輸時的效率和品質。此外，通訊領域中，正交分頻多工(OFDM)的技術，也由於可提供高速資料傳輸，以及根據頻率之通道選擇的特性，而在通訊領域中，亦佔有舉足輕重的地位。若能結合兩者的技術來實做一套通訊領域系統，可使得通訊系統的效能大大提升。 本論文將搭配平台上的各種消除非理想效應之演算法，包含同步封包偵測(packet detection)，封包取得(packet acquisition)，載波頻率偏移(CFO)，等化器(equalizer)設計的演算法。 本篇論文的重點在於，整合FPGA系統模組和RF系統，並藉由HDL硬體語言，來協助底層硬體設計的訊號系統整合，將此套2x2的OFDM傳輸系統做實現。FPGA可高速傳輸並將訊號由類比和數位的格式之間做轉換，並執行高效能傳輸。RF系統可將基頻訊號(baseband signal)由天線現送出，遭遇多種通道效應(channel effect)後，正確將資料接收。 為了解實作的成效，我們將利用matlab軟體來觀察此系統所接收的訊號，並進一步分析其接收的效能及相關的疑點，來協助此系統更近一步的改善。使得此硬體架構更趨完善。

Recently years, MIMO technique is widely used in much communication system. What the main reasons are it accomplish the objects which include performance and quality in transmission data. Besides, OFDM technique is also provides data transmission with high speed and the character that select the channel according to frequency. It still has the important status in communication area. The thesis will cancel the non-ideal effect by the algorithm on platform, includes packet detection, packet acquisition, CFO compensation and equalizer algorithm. What the important issue in the thesis is integration FPGA and RF module. Besides, it will integrate the signal and system in bottom level by HDL language and implement the communication system by 2x2 RF module. In the system FPGA can transform the signal between analog and digital type and transmit in high performance. RF module can transmit the baseband signal by the antenna. The signal will meet all kinds of non-ideal channel effect then the receiver antenna will receive the signal and decode them. In order to test the performance of the system, we will use matlab software to observe the received signal. Besides, further analyze the performance of the received signal and related problem to improve the system. In order to improve the performance more perfect in the system.