職業訓練中心銲接安全衛生教育訓練之研究

Abstract

銲接技術應用在多方面金屬機械製造及連接作業上，並廣泛應用於工業界、土木營造業、工廠製造業、或大型工廠定期年度維修、甚至一般建物房屋之維修改裝等工程中，銲接的使用機會都相當高。因銲接作業及於各工作場所面臨之危害，依歷年重大職業災害統計分析，銲接相關作業所引起之重大職業災害每年均發生一定之比例，且可能因此而產生嚴重之後果，如於民國61年台灣造船公司基隆廠發生美商油輪爆炸、84年圓山大飯店火災及91年國安局地下靶場火災，均造成嚴重人員傷亡及財產損失，銲接工作屬高危險性工作。 本研究藉由文獻探討及於職業訓練中心現參訓學員、曾參訓之事業單位員工、授課訓練師之問卷調查，就銲接安全衛生教育訓練進行研究，重要之結論及建議如下： 1.銲接工作為高危險性工作，應加強參訓學員體認安全衛生的重要性。 2.職業訓練中心銲接職類之安全衛生教育訓練學科時數宜增加。 3.職業訓練中心於現有課程時數限制下，建議優先補強之安全衛生教育訓練課程內容。 4.建議有關銲接之安全衛生教育訓練由已接受安全衛生教育訓練之銲接訓練師擔任。另針對如安全衛生相關法規及職業衛生等較專業之課程由專業之外聘老師上課。 5.上課訓練師及參訓學員之比例應有人數之限制。 6.建議上課輔以影片等方式及編輯統一標準之銲接安全衛生教材。 7.將安全行為融入銲接術科安全衛生教育訓練中。 8.建議將銲接工作，如進入易引起火災及爆炸危險之場所應接受特殊安全衛生教育訓練合格人員操作訓練，於相關規定中明訂之。

The welding technique is applied on the metal machine manufacturing and connecting operations, and also widely applied in the general industry, the construction industry, the manufacturing industry, or the large-scale factory regular yearly maintenance, even common house maintenance and re-equipping, and so on. According to the analytic statistics of previous years significant professional disaster, the significant professional disaster of the welding related operations is happened every year, and caused the serious personnel casualty , the property damage, and serious consequence, such as oil tank explosion of American commercial ship in the Jilong Taiwan Ship-building business in 1972, the Grand Hotel fire in 1995 and Guoanju underground target range fire in 2002. Therefore, it is well known that the welding operation is belonged to the high-risk and dangerous work. This research is focused on the education and training of welding safety and health and it is reached through the literature and the questionnaire of the vocational training center present students, staffs and the trainers. The important conclusions and the suggestions are as follows: 1.The welding work is belonged to the high-risk and dangerous work, we have to strengthen the importance of the safety and health to all students who attended the training . 2.The course-hour of welding duty class for the safety and health education and training in the vocational training center has to be increased. 3.It suggests to enhance the curriculum content of safety and health education and training under the existing curriculum hour limit of the vocational training center. 4.It suggests to ask the welding trainers who have already taken the safety and health education and training to be the teacher of the welding safety and health education and training courses. Regarding the related regulation and other professional courses in safety and health education and training, we suggest to invite the profession teacher from industry. 5.The proporation of the trainers and the students who are attending the training class could have the limit of numbers. 6.It suggests to add the video plaing and provide standard teaching materials in the training class. 7.It needs to integrate the correct safety and health security behavior into the welding technique branch training program. 8.It suggests to establish the rules about welding operations, such as the special safety and health education and training for qualified person to enter the place which is easy to cause fire and explosion.