小客車駕駛人停車禮讓不當行人行為意願之量測及影響因素之研究

Abstract

在複雜的交通環境裡，對於最弱勢的用路人-行人而言，路權能受到尊重，是一件美好的事。只要小汽車駕駛人普遍都能做到停車禮讓，不僅會提升交通安全與道路順暢，更是改善社會風氣的最佳示範。其主要原因就是道路上的汽、機車數量越來越多，導致行人所受的威脅越來越大，又在有人員傷亡的交通事故之中，行人一直佔有不低之比例，而現今道路環境中停車禮讓行人的現象並不普及，究竟是駕駛人在道路上遇見行人產生不當行為時，太生氣而不願意停車禮讓?或著是行人覺得駕駛人應該要優先停車禮讓他們卻沒有做到?因此本研究的主要目的即為量測駕駛人對不當行為行人的停讓意願，找出其影響因素及行人之不當行為並加以宣導改善。 應用試題反應理論中Rasch model分析的研究結果發現，「當您行駛在快車道時，發現從前方中央分隔島闖出欲橫越道路的行人」，是最容易讓駕駛人生氣且停讓意願最低; 而「當您在交叉路口合法右轉時，從您的左側接近您，舉手示意要您讓他(們)先過的行人」，則是駕駛人欲行人發生此種不當行為時，是最不會生氣及停讓意願最高的情形。另外可得知，大多數生氣程度較高的駕駛人，其停車禮讓不當行為行人之意願也會比較高。 在所有駕駛人對於行人的不當行為中，仍然是以違規的行為較容易使駕駛人生氣，卻也最願意停車禮讓。有關單位可以依據此結果對於法規的規定範圍更加明確地修訂及加強宣導，期能提升國人之駕駛道德，做到優先禮讓所有行人，更注重行人安全，使道路交通環境愈和諧。

For the weakest road users-pedestrians in the complex traffic environment, it is a wonderful thing that their rights-of-way might be respected. If car drivers always can yield pedestrians generally, it not only raises the traffic safety and road smooth, but also sets a best example to improve society well. The main reason is there are more and more cars and motorcycles on the road, leading more threats to pedestrians. And there are highly percentage of pedestrians in traffic accidents with casualties. What types of pedestrians make car drivers angry and how do pedestrians’ traffic violations affect car drivers’ intention of yielding? The main purpose of this research is to measure car drivers intention of yielding by pedestrians’traffic violations, and to find impact factors and traffic violations of pedestrians so that government can draw up reaction strategies. The finding applying the rasch model in Item Response Theory shows that the circumstance of easiest to angry and least intention to stop car of car drivers is “When you are driving in inner lane, you find pedestrians crossing road from traffic island in front of you”. And the circumstance of no anger and most intention to stop car of car drivers is “When you are turning right legally in intersection, you find pedestrians raising their hands to show you letting them pass on your left side”. We can also know that if car drivers with higher degree of anger, their intention of stopping car by pedestrians with undue behaviors will higher. Traffic violations still make car drivers angry easier in all pedestrians’ traffic violation behaviors. Correlational organizations can base on the results to revise traffic laws and to publicize more. We expect to promote driving manners of road users, to yield pedestrians first, to emphasize the safety of pedestrians more and we can get a more harmonious traffic environment.