運用層級分析法於太陽能電池廠供應商評估與選擇之研究 ─ 以D公司為例

Abstract

中文摘要 從永續與再生的概念，太陽能是目前最能廣泛發展並取代核能的技術之一，市場潛力無窮。但從短期來說，對企業而言，目前的課題是如何先在市場生存，因為整個產業的成本尚未低到可以在市場上自由競爭，在Grid parity未達到市電同價前，太陽能產業是需要靠各國補貼政策與能源政策來支撐其需求。從廠商的角度，企業還是需要藉由強化內部的競爭力來取得未來的入場權。 無疑的，成本與技術是目前企業發展與生存的關鍵，而企業對於供應商的選擇與評估的策略對於企業的競爭力將占有重要影響。 太陽能電池的原物料採購成本占總體材料成本約75~80%，因此選擇對的矽晶片供應商，對於太陽能電池廠顯的極為重要。選擇具有品質、技術與成本優勢的合作廠商，將使企業更具有競爭力。用以評選供應商的方法亦要不斷的更新改進，以求達到所預期的效果。 有鑒於此，本研究結合過去學者所提出之供應商評估指標為基礎，再透過專家意見諮詢及前測問卷建構出合適之評選架構，最後以層級程序分析法問卷找出太陽能電池產業供應商評選之關鍵要素及其權重；並整理太陽能電池產業供應商評估表與量化指標供個案公司參考。 此外，藉由本研究，期望提出太陽能電池產業供應商評選制度時，供應商評選的標準，供相關單位參考應用，以降低因主觀偏好或考量不周所導致的風險。並提供一個更好的方式來評量供應商，使得個案公司可以有更好的整體績效，提升整體的競爭力。

關鍵字：太陽能電池、層級分析法（AHP）、供應商評選。

Abstract Solar power is one of the technologies which can replace nuclear power today. Its advantagies are renewable and green. Moreover, its potential in energy market is limitless in the future because solar power is inexhaustible in supply and always available for use. However, from the short term point of view, due to the cost is not low enough to complete with other energies in the market how to survive becomes a vital topic to all solar government energy policies if the grid parity can not reach the balance point shortly.cell suppliers. Therefore, it is essential for the solar industry to sustain subsidy from the From company’s aspects, the industries still need to improve its interior to join the competition in the future. Undoubtedly, cost ,quality and technology are the key factors for the development and survival to the company. Besides, the supplier evaluation and selection is also playing a key role to the market competitions for the company. It is important for the solar cell companies to choose the correct wafer supplies which has high quality, technology and cost advantages due to the percentage of the solar cell matetial cost is up to 75~80% to bill of materials cost. Improving the evaluation methods becomes more and more important. It will also help the company to find better and suitable suppliers. The principal evaluation criterion used in this paper was derived from scholars’s research which was modified by expert advice with use of questionnaires to establish the suitable vendor selection model. From the information gathered, we have extrapolated the key criterion and the weighted points to each criteria of evaluation by use of the AHP method. This paper demonstrates the use of valued evaluation criterion in the selection of wafer suppliers in the solar cell industry.

This paper concludes the solar cell industry considers the ability of suppler management to be the key criterion when selecting a wafer supplier. It is intended this model to be used in the solar cell industry in selecting a rmaterial supplier with lower risk exposure caused by otherwise subjectivity which predominates traditional selection methods. It will also help the case company to improve its performance and competitiveness.