適用於可攜式腦心監護系統之高能源效率與高整合8通道前端類比電路

Abstract

近年來老年人口比例快速增加，全球年齡超過六十五歲以上的人口預計在2025年會達到7.61億人口。這樣會使社會邁入老年化且會造成醫療照顧等相關問題。因此整合型可攜式照護系統的相關研究成為已經成為近年來的重要課題。本論文中提出一種針對處理多種訊號包括腦電訊號（EEG）、心電訊號（ECG）和擴散光學腦部影像重建（DOT）所構成之低功耗高整合型感測電路雛型設計，藉此以推動整合型可攜式醫療照護系統的發展。 由於生理電訊號非常微弱，為了使其可以正常被觀察及應用，因此在系統設計上必須準確且不失真地放大該訊號。此微弱的生理電訊號相當容易受外在雜訊干擾，因此在設計上，必須有效減少雜訊造成的影響，而每個生理訊號的電壓範圍不一樣，也必須用不同的方式萃取出來。最後，為了進行即時訊號處理及運用，因此必須把類比訊號轉換成數位訊號。而要把多個設計整合在單晶片中且符合高能源效率及高整合度等可攜式儀器的要求，這就是此整合型晶片主要的難度及貢獻。 本論文所提出之Chopper Differential Difference Amplifier, Adjustable Gain Amplifier, Adjustable Bandwidth Low Pass Filter and Successive Approximation Registers Analog-to-Digital Converter皆為達此目的所設計。最後此前端電路將會被使用擷取訊號傳給後端作訊號處理，進一步達到更多功能的生醫系統監測晶片。最後，本論文所提出之多通道高整合型與高能源效率之前端類比電路已被設計並透過台積電180奈米製程下線並完成測試。

Proportion aging is increasing rapidly in recent years. The worldwide population of people over the age of 65 has been predicted to become 761 million in this year 2025. Hence, the aging society will have a great demand of health-care system for elders, especially an integrated portable one. In this thesis, a preliminary design of high-integrated and low power consumption for processing multi signals such as electroencephalogram （EEG）signal, electrocardiogram （ECG）signal and diffuse optical tomography （DOT）is presented. The significance of this system is to enable the practical development of integrated portable health-care system for brain-heart monitoring. As the biomedical signals are weak, it is necessary to amply them for accurate monitoring. The weak biomedical signals are easily affected by external noise, so the circuit has to reduce the inference of noises. The different biomedical signals have different amplitudes and different bandwidths. Therefore, the circuit also has to deal with these problems. Finally, the biomedical signals are analog signals, but the signals are not only for monitoring but also for signals processing for the most urgent treatment conveniently. So, the analog-to-digital converter cannot be avoided. In other words, it is difficult to integrate these designs on a chip for portable health-care system. To solve this problem, Chopper Differential Difference Amplifier, Adjustable Gain Amplifier, Adjustable Bandwidth Low Pass Filter and Successive Approximation Registers Analog-to-Digital Converter are presented in this thesis. Finally, the results from this front-end circuit will convey to back-end for digital signal processing to achieve the multi-capability biomedical system monitoring chip. This multi-channel, high integrated and low power consumption has been implemented using TSMC 180 nm CMOS Mixed Signal RF General Purpose Standard Process.