對靜態二元碼轉譯之驗證

Abstract

對於程式移植來說，二元碼轉譯是一個很重要的技術，它可以讓某平台的應用程式在其他平台上執行，這樣的技術也廣泛應用在虛擬機器和模擬器上。無論如何，由於發展一個二元碼轉譯器有許多繁瑣的細節必須小心的處理，像是函式呼叫慣例(Calling conventions)、系統呼叫(System calls)，所以它是一個棘手的工作。因為一個程式裡包含非常多的指令，我們必須耗費很大的精力去找出轉譯錯誤的指令。因此，開發一個自動化工具來驗證轉譯後的程式並且找出轉譯錯誤的指令是有必要的。我們提出一個可適用於靜態二元碼轉譯的驗證機制，它會在轉譯後程式的執行過程中檢查其所模擬的架構之狀態(Architecture state)。另外，我們也在驗證工具中加入一些設計，這些設計可用來加快驗證的速度並且依然可以正確找出轉譯錯誤的指令。

Binary translation is an important technique for porting programs as it allows applications for one platform to execute on another. The technique is widely used in virtual machines and emulators. However, developing binary translators is tricky because many delicate details need be handled carefully, such as calling conventions and system calls. Because of the huge number of instructions in a program, it requires much effort to identify the mistranslated instructions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an automatic tool to verify the translated programs and to identify the mistranslated instructions. We propose a new verification mechanism for static binary translation, which checks the emulated architecture state (the state of the emulated architecture) from time to time during program execution. In our verification tool, there are additional designs that can speed up the verification and accurately identify the mistranslated instructions.