兩岸積體電路產業之比較分析

Abstract

大陸資源與台灣經濟具有極大的互補性，如果兩岸在純經濟領域裡相互合作，結合台灣所擁有的技術資本與大陸豐沛勞力，再配合經濟全球化的大趨勢，必定能夠大幅提升台灣與中國在國際經濟上影響力，進而促進兩岸的經濟繁榮。本論文以IC產業的產業環境和總體經濟環境的角度，衡量兩岸IC產業在全球競爭優勢下的定位及相互比較，藉由本分析成果的呈現，作為政府在制訂產業未來創新科技或政策之參考依據，對產業界廠商方面，使其瞭解未來兩岸產業之可能發展方向，提供廠商建構公司內部策略之參考。 本研究以學者徐作聖於「科技政策與國家創新系統」中所提出之『國家產業組合』做為本論文『產業定位』之架構。產業組合定位模型主要以「產業技術生命週期」的演進與「產業技術能力」的高低兩大構面所形成的矩陣，將個別產業的發展狀況在矩陣中予以區隔、定位，並加以研究分析的一個架構。透過專家訪談暨問卷調查的方式，分別對產業價值鏈構面的設計業、製造業、封裝業和測試業等四個領域和產品構面的Foundry、DRAM、Flash、MCU和DSP等五種產業進行產業定位，進而「產業生命週期」與「產業技術能力」兩項指標來分析、比較兩岸之競合態勢與合作互補之可行性。 研究結果發現，從市場構面（產業生命週期）來看，兩岸在Foundry產業的差距最大，最具合作互補之需求；在設計業的差距最小，互補需求性最低。從技術構面（產業技術能力）來看，兩岸在設計業與DSP產業的差距較小，互補需求性較低。

This thesis reports on a comparative analysis of the technological and market factors affecting the development of IC industries of Taiwan and Mainland China. Specifically, we focus on those factors such as macro-economic conditions, industrial environment, level of technological sophistication, and science-technology policy are the focus. The objective of this research is to identify those specific IC technologies and market segments that would provide complementary opportunities for Taiwan and Mainland China IC firms. Based on the Shyu’s model of industrial portfolio analysis and national innovation systems, this thesis analyzes five market segments of the IC industry, namely, IC foundry, DRAM, Flash, MCU, and DSP. Moreover, this thesis analyzes the strategic complementary opportunities of Taiwan and Chinese firms such that the complementary opportunities may be revealed. Results show Taiwanese firms have a strong capability in manufacturing in all segments analyzed. While there is little complementary opportunity the segment of DSP, there are strong evidences that Taiwanese firms can provide complementary capability in all areas with the supply chain to the emerging IC firms of Mainland China in the other segments. It was also found that there could be potential competition between firms between the Taiwan straits in the areas of IC circuit design.