兩岸間電子商務超商店配物流系統之脆弱度分析

Abstract

近年來台灣消費者於中國線上購物網站展現了驚人的消費實力，然而由於中國端之電子零售商大多未提供商品直寄台灣之服務，且提供此項服務之少部分電子零售商其商品運費亦十分昂貴。有鑑於此，目前「台灣端之超商業者」與「中國端之集貨業者」進行合作以建構兩岸間電子商務產品之超商店配系統，藉由商品集貨共同配送的概念，台灣端消費者將不再需要擔心中國端電子零售商是否提供商品直寄台灣之服務，且商品之配送費用亦將因此而低廉許多。然而，若兩岸間之超商店配系統因外在干擾事件而受到衝擊，則消費者所訂購之商品將延遲、甚至無法送達消費者之手中。因此，本研究欲針對兩岸間電子商務超商店配物流系統之脆弱度進行分析，並根據分析之結果擬定適當之應對方案與策略，期望能夠藉此協助業者將其有限之資源作最有效率之分配，同時並確保商品皆可於約定之時間內配送至台灣端消費者之手中。 由於本研究之兩岸間超商店配物流系統脆弱度受眾多脆弱度因子所影響，且因子間之關聯方向與強度相當地錯綜複雜，故考量模糊認知圖法可用相當直觀的方式呈現研究系統複雜之動態變化過程，本研究採用模糊認知圖法作為後續研究分析之工具。本研究分析之結果顯示，兩岸間超商店配物流系統之關鍵脆弱度因子分別為「配送系統成員間之溝通協調頻率」、「資訊之整合度」以及「中國端集貨中心之商品處理能力」，故本研究針對這三項關鍵脆弱度因子分別進行模擬情境分析，並根據研究分析之結果提出相關之決策與管理意涵，期望能夠將之提供業者作為往後改善兩岸間電子商務超商店配物流系統脆弱度之重要參考與指南，並藉此以使商品之配送流程更加地穩定與可靠。

In recent years, consumers in Taiwan have spent lots of money in China’s online stores. However, most of the electronics retailers in China are not willing to ship the products to Taiwan directly. Even if they do, the freight of the products is expensive. In this case, the dealers of Taiwan and China cooperate with each other to construct an E-commerce retailing delivery system between Taiwan and China. Nevertheless, if the E-commerce retailing delivery system is disrupted by some external factors, the products may not be shipped to the consumers in Taiwan on time or even not shipped at all. Consequently, this research will attempt to make an analysis of the vulnerability regarding the E-commerce retailing delivery system between Taiwan and China, and offer some suggestions and strategies related to the results of the research, in order to make sure that the allocation of the limited resources is proper and efficient, and also the products can be shipped to the consumers in Taiwan at the appointed time. Because the relevance between the factors which influence the vulnerability of the E-commerce retailing delivery system is quite complex, the “Fuzzy Cognitive Map” is chosen as the research tool in this research. The results of this research show that the communication between the members of the distribution system, the degree of information integration and the ability of the goods consolidation dealer are the critical factors. This research then makes the scenario analyses about these three critical factors in order, expecting to make useful suggestions and strategies from the research results, helping to improve the system stability.