高齡者自律駕駛行為影響因素之研究

Abstract

過去探討自律駕駛行為，多著重在身體狀況、駕駛技術以及駕駛信心等對於自律駕駛行為之影響，而由計劃行為理論來看，高齡者對於自律駕駛行為應有所謂態度、主觀規範以及知覺行為控制對於其自律駕駛行為意向之影響，再進而自律駕駛行為，本研究從心理層面出發，以態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制並納入風險感認來探討影響台灣高齡者自律駕駛行為之因素。本研究於新竹市之相關老人服務中心、長青學苑、公園以及老人活動等場所隨機抽取450位受訪者資料，利用結構方程模式進行模式分析及驗證研究結果指出，高齡者的自律駕駛意向會受到風險感認、態度、主觀規範以及知覺行為控制所影響，而自律駕駛行為會受到行為意向以及知覺行為控制所影響。結果並發現慣用汽機車的不同在自律駕駛行為之模型上有顯著差異；75歲以下之高齡者、主要駕駛者之自律駕駛行為較差，建議可透過風險感認、主觀規範以及資源狀況等方面提升高齡者之自律駕駛行為

Most studies about Self-Regulatory Driving Behavior focus on health condition, driving skill and driving confidence factors, but according to Theory of Planned Behavior ,driver’s attitude, subject norm and perceived behavior control are also an important factor which influences drivers’ behaviors. The study aim to explore the relationship between attitude, subject norm, perceived behavior control, also add risk perception and self-regulatory driving behavior. A completed questionnaire was returned by 88.2% of them (N=450). A series of structural equation analyses indicate that all of risk perception, attitude, subject norm and perceived behavior control have significant influences on behavior intention. The result also shows that behavior intention and perceived behavior control have significant influences on behaviors. The result also shows that Accustomed to the use of vehicle has significant differences in the model of Self-Regulatory Driving behaviors.