限制理論應用於資訊科技系統之發展-以先進規劃排程系統為例

Abstract

資訊科技的發展與應用日新月異，越來越多的企業隨著時代的潮流，導入了各種資訊科技的軟硬體，期待可以幫助企業經營得更好。然而，我們也看到很多的失敗案例，是資訊科技發展得不夠成熟，功能不夠強？是引進的方法錯誤？還是使用者不懂得如何使用？在愈來愈趨競爭的環境下，企業必須要好好思考如何才能夠讓失敗案例不再出現，讓資訊科技可以真正幫助到企業的獲利。 限制理論的創始者Eliyahu M. Goldratt博士認為資訊科技的威力是非常強大的，而且也是可以真正幫助到企業的，只要我們願意從更寬廣的角度—「企業整體效益」來看資訊科技的問題。而要達到企業整體效益，則必須明瞭資訊科技只是必要條件而非充分條件，所以在引進資訊科技必須要同時滿足並提供充分條件。限制理論認為這個充分條件就是改變那些在資訊科技引進之前就已經存在的運作規則。 本研究將以限制理論對資訊科技的思維，分析對象公司在引進先進規劃排程(Advanced Planning and Scheduling; APS)系統時所遭遇到的問題，找出其所欠缺的充分條件，並且設計出對象公司可採用的運作規則，以建立一個新且可行的APS系統運作模式，並期待能應用到其他資訊科技的範疇。

As the development and application of "Information Technology (IT)" progress day by day, more and more business follow this age tide to bring various of IT software and hardware and hope them would help the business to operate better. However, there are still many failure cases. Is the IT not well developed or function not enough? Are the implementation methods mislead? Or the user doesn't know how to use? In the more and more competitive environment, the business must think thoroughly how to prevent the failure case happened again. Then the IT would actually help the business.

The founder of "Theory of Constraint"(TOC), Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt considers that the power of IT is very enormous, and does be able to help the business. Only if we view the problem from a wider angle—"Business Global Benefit". In order to achieve business global benefit, it should be convinced that IT is necessary but not sufficient. Therefore while bringing in the IT into the business, it should satisfy and provide the "Necessary and Sufficient" conditions simultaneously. TOC indicates that this "Necessary and Sufficient" condition is to change those operation rules which have already existed before IT conducting.

This study will use the thinking process of TOC to IT to analyze the problems happened in target company while conducting the "Advanced Planning and Scheduling"(APS) system. Find out the "Necessary and Sufficient" conditions and design the adoptable operation rules for target company to build up a new and realistic operation model of APS system. Finally, hope this study can apply to other IT scope.