模型在數位設計過程中的角色

Abstract

近幾年，數位媒材廣泛的運用在建築設計上，因此擴展建築表現形式的多元性。另一方面，數位媒材不只改變建築設計最後的表現形式，也大大的改變了設計的過程與行為。在傳統的設計過程中，設計者習慣以製作實體概念模型的方式去轉換對空間的想像與創造力，進而發展設計構想。如今，數位媒材開始融入設計過程，設計者的設計行為也隨使用媒材的不同而產生差異，其中最大的差異就在於對實體模型的依賴。設計者在使用數位媒材的行為上，在軟體環境進行二度的思考同時，電腦可立即回應非常精確的三度空間影像，設計者同時間在腦中建構出三度空間上的思考，所以並不需要依賴實體模型的操作過程去了解三度的空間感受。由上述推論，運用數位媒材進行設計的過程中，實體模型的操作似乎是可以被取代的。然而，實體模型的真實視覺與觸覺感知在建築空間的設計過程中是極為重要而不可或缺的。 有鑑於前述，本研究所提出的問題是:以數位媒材進行建築設計時，在設計初期的概念發想階段，設計者是否需要實體模型，假設需要，那需要什麼樣的實體模型進行設計操作?本研究之目標欲試圖從設計者使用傳統媒材、數位媒材以及同時使用兩種媒材進行設計過程的行為與對實體模型操作的認知中， 找出其所產生的現象。並進一步分析及得到在概念發想階段運用數位材才進行設計操作下最適合的數位實體模型的操作程序與方式。

In recent years, designers have used digital media at various points of the design process, which helps expand architectural possibilities. Digital media has changed not only the architectural style, but also the design process. In earlier times, some researchers of design thinking have looked at how the role of physical models played in traditional design processes. However, design process has been changed when media designers used to adjust from traditional to digital. Therefore, visual thinking and cognitive behavior of designers also change while using physical models in design processes. From the synthesis of the two aforementioned disciplines, we can find that there exists a point of deficiency. That is the cognitive research about designers who use physical models in digital design processes is absent. This is discussed in the current paper.

Traditionally, 3-dimensional physical models were absolutely necessary for designers since they cannot convey their spatial imaginations in 2-dimensional drawings. With the advent of digital media, however, designers have a new medium to test and express their spatial imagination. Does this mean that physical models are obsolete? Were it obsolete, then how the sense of touch and the sense of real scale brought from physical models could be solved in digital design process?. If not, then what kinds of physical models are needed in the digital design process?

The objective of this research is to study the use of physical model in a digital media era. It examines how physical models can assist designers and under what situation should they be used in digital design processes. The research also seeks to identify the optimal use digital modeling and the standard operating procedure for using physical model in digital design processes.