标题: | 轻轨运输系统与公车专用道成本及绩效之比较研究 A Comparison of Cost Performance for Light Rail Transit and Exclusive Bus Lane |
作者: | 杨士弘 Shih-Hung Yang 黄台生 Tai-Sheng Huang 运输与物流管理学系 |
关键字: | 轻轨运输系统;公车专用道;建造成本;营运成本;绩效;light rail transit;exclusive bus lane;construction cost;operation coat;performance |
公开日期: | 1999 |
摘要: | 本研究希望由成本项目及绩效项目进行完整之比较,使大家对两种系统之优劣有一全面性之瞭解。本研究先由系统特性及操作特性推估投入及产出量,代入合理之单价求得轻轨运输系统之建造成本及营运成本,并与台北市联营公车之营运资料比较。绩效方面,则以国内外实施之经验,比较轻轨运输系统与公车专用道对使用者、非使用者之影响。最后并从业者、政府、系统整体观点来比较这两种运具之适用性。 结果显示,从业者观点来看,轻轨运输系统之每公里造价约从新台币5.7亿到10.9亿之间;而公车专用道无须负担建造成本,又有降低营运成本、提高营收之好处,公车专用道势必较受到业者支持。而从政府观点来看,轻轨运输系统虽可改善大众运输服务、空气污染,但也可能使道路交通恶化、破坏景观,且投资成本高昂。反观公车专用道,政府仅需负担相对低廉许多之成本,又有提高公车服务水准、改善道路交通之好处,政府必然乐于推动公车专用道。从系统整体观点来看,轻轨运输系统在运量大于8550人/小时时,其人公里成本将比公车系统低,显示轻轨运输系统于此状况较为适用;在绩效方面,轻轨运输系统之服务水准高,运能及服务速率皆较公车专用道高,且可改善空气污染;公车专用道效益仅为现况之改善,对长久之大众运输服务水准、空气品质并无明显成效。从社会整体观点来看,推动轻轨运输系统才是长久之计。 The research is aimed to compare light rail transit and exclusive bus lane based on two items, the cost and the performance. The systematic and operational characteristics in running a light rail transit is taken into account in estimating the input and output quantity of the system. Reasonable cost per unit is substituted for such purpose to get the construction and operation cost of the system. The finding is then compared with Taipei Bus Routes' existing operational costs.On the performance aspect, the research attempts to evaluate the impacts that both transportation modes could have on its respective users and non-users, based on information obtained from the actual application of the two systems in both the domestic and international regions.Finally, the research compares the applicability of light rail transit and exclusive bus lane from the point of views of operator, the government and the whole system. Operators are found to support the exclusive bus lane, which has a lower cost per kilometer compared with the light rail. It's noted that bus lanes incur no additional construction costs for bus operators, but could lower the operational costs of bus systems, hence generating more revenues for the operators.Similar results were found when evaluating from the point of view of the government. Light rail transit, though might help to improve public transport service and cut down air pollution, poses the threat of worsening existing road traffic and spoiling the city image. On top of that, the construction cost for light rail transit is relatively higher than that of the exclusive bus lane, which could help upgrade existing bus service level and improve road traffic on the whole. Hence, the government will favor the bus lane over the light rail.From the overall point of view of the whole system, light rail transit is preferred to exclusive bus lane when the transit volume exceeds 8,550 passengers per direction per hour, with the passenger-kilometer cost of light rail transit found lower than the exclusive bus lane's.On the performance aspect, light rail transit beats exclusive bus lane in terms of service level, transportation capacity, and operating speed, besides improving the air quality. The conclusion is that exclusive bus lane will only provide short-term solution to existing traffic problems, but could not improve the public transportation service and air quality in the long run. Therefore, from the overall point of view of our society, construction of light rail transit is more beneficial plan in the long run. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT880118012 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/65248 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |