運用主題地圖於資源示意圖之研究

Abstract

館藏資源是圖書館的核心，如何使館藏資源發揮其利用價值乃是圖書館一直以來的課題，不論圖書館的型態如何改變、傳統圖書館如何走向數位圖書館，資源指引對圖書館來說都是服務項目中重要的一環。對使用者來說，圖書館資源再多，該如何從書架上數以萬計的館藏資源，以及如浩瀚大海的網際網路資源中找到所需的資料，才是他們所迫切需要及重視的。圖書館資源示意圖 (Pathfinders) 即是一項主動提供知識給讀者的作業方式，圖書館利用資源示意圖提供選定主題之館藏資源的介紹和指引，此外，資源示意圖也可以作為指引網際網路資源的工具。由於資源示意圖的服務仍有待改善，且主題地圖 (Topic Maps) 串連主題 (Topics) 、關聯 (Association) 、資源指引 (Occurrences) 的特性，可說是相當符合資源指引工具之設計，因此本研究乃以中華大學圖書館為研究對象，運用主題地圖建置該館的資源示意圖。 本研究首先以文獻閱讀之方式，除了探討國內外圖書館資源示意圖之格式內容、特色及相關研究外，也探討主題地圖的歷史發展、工具、使用狀況及在圖書館領域的運用情況等。其次，由於研究之初中華大學圖書館無現成之網頁版資源示意圖可供運用，故需進行系所資源之分類及蒐集、網路連結之查找等工作，以建置網頁版資源示意圖。最後，則進行運用主題地圖於資源示意圖之實作，定義其主題、關聯、資源指引等三元素的型態 (Types) 及內容，將資源類型、資源主題、系所等皆視為主題地圖的主題，並建立〝分類法與類別〞、〝學院與系所〞、〝學院與資源〞、〝包含與屬於〞等關聯，及完成主題的各項資源指引，稱之為主題地圖資源指引。在工具的選擇方面，使用免費的主題地圖應用程式編輯器--TM4L；在評估方面，則採用問卷調查之方式，初步分析運用主題地圖於資源示意圖之成果及優勢。 主題地圖資源指引具有提供主題關聯的分類方式、構想具創意、介面易使用、縮短搜尋相關資源的時間，以及增加相關館藏資源搜尋的便利性等優點。而由於館藏資源的多寡，影響建置主題地圖資源指引之時間及人力，且隨著館藏資源的不斷購入，維護及更新主題地圖資源指引的工作將更顯重要，圖書館必須考量此部分之人力配置，將維護主題地圖資源指引視為一長期性之工作，方能將主題地圖資源指引之功用發揮至淋漓盡致。

The collection of a library reflects its core value. How to make effective use of its collection is always a crucial topic. Even when libraries usher in the era of digital libraries, a resource guide is still a key service. For most users, how to find their needful information from vast library collection and Internet resources is an essential matter. By providing introduction and direction for chosen topics, pathfinders can actively help users. Except for the guide to physical library collection, pathfinders can also guide surfing the internet resources. Due to the drawback of paper-based and HTML-based pathfinders, this research aims at designing a new style of pathfinders by means of Topic Maps, one advantage of which lies in integrating the characteristics of topics, associations and occurrences. In this research, we study the HTML-based pathfinder of Chung Hua University Library and create a new type of pathfinders by using Topic Maps. In order to research into the formats, contents, features and related essays of pathfinders in domestic and overseas libraries, this study started with literature review. Furthermore, this study also discussed the evolution, tools, as well as the utilization of Topic Maps in libraries. However, due to the lack of a HTML-based Pathfinder in the Chung Hua University Library, in the initial stage of this research, a HTML-based pathfinder for the Chung Hua University Library was created. The related tasks for creating this HTML-based pathfinder include, among other things, collecting, classifying, and providing correct Internet access to departmental resources. Then, by using the Topic Map in the Pathfinders, this study defined the types and contents about topics, associations, and occurrences. This study also built up the four relationships, including classification-category, college-department, college-resource and whole-part, as well as all occurrences of topics. The resultant is called Topic Map Pathfinder. TM4L, a free tool for Topic Maps, was used to create the Topic Map Pathfinder. A preliminary analysis of the Topic Map Pathfinder is given at last. A Topic Map Pathfinder has many advantages such as topic assortment, creative conception, easier interface, shorter search time and more facilities to find related collection. The volume of collection will affect the time and human resources to build such a pathfinder. With more resources, updating and maintaining this system will be more important. In the future, library managers have to allocate adequate humans and to maintain Topic Maps Pathfinders persistently so that the effect of the system can be more significant.