社會互動設計之整合型研究取向

Abstract

社會互動設計是當前多人使用系統、溝通平台、體驗設計以及服務設計開發中，所面臨最為困難的挑戰之一。然而，目前被應用在電腦支援協同作業(computer-supported cooperative work, CSCW)以及人機互動(human-computer interaction, HCI)的設計研究方法和社會學理論，多局限於於較為狹隘的研究範疇，並忽略巨觀層次的社會與文化面向對個人社交行為所帶來的影響。本研究藉由社會學整合性典範，討論當前應用於社會互動設計中，過於偏向微觀的理論基礎和研究取向。透過傳統質性研究和脈絡設計方法 (Contextual Design Methodology)的比較，由三個不同設計個案：台灣傳統社會活動、青少年網路社交行為以及南歐跨平台的服務開發，進一步提出一個整合型的研究取向以及多層次社會互動模型 (multi-level social activity model, MLSAM)。本研究討論與評估此社會互動模型如何補充現有的體驗設計和人機互動設計研究方法，幫助設計師、研究員和開發團隊了解社會活動中參與者的動機、觀念以及各種文化與社會脈絡影響。整合性的研究取向在跨平台服務設計、社會互動平台以及適應性系統中所帶來的優勢也將在文中討論。

Design for social interaction is a major challenge in multi-user systems, large-scale service and social platform development. However, established user experience methodology and sociological theories applied in computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) and human-computer interaction (HCI) currently are narrow in scope. Both researchers and designers systematically overlook macro-level socio-cultural issues that may have significant implications for how well a system is received by its final users. I argue for the necessity of an integrated viewpoint, which considers both micro-level and macro-level phenomena in design research. Through three case studies covering different cultures and topics, this work presents what benefits can be gained from having an integrated viewpoint in social interaction and service design, and also shows that the multi-level social activity model (MLSAM) is capable of complementing the established methods with such a viewpoint. The improvements to the model to increase its utility are also discussed. In addition, based on reflections of three cases, a more effective approach for identifying use types and portraying users in iterative design cycles is discussed in this study.