低溫薄膜儲槽定期檢查評估研究

Abstract

本研究的目的在探討薄膜儲槽安全課題，對於設計安全部分將我國與世界各國之通用標準加以比較及分析，並對主要設計公式以力學分析及簡介其主要安全裝置，進而探討其相關的安全影響。另對於安全檢查部分，因薄膜儲槽構造特殊，實施內部檢查不易，因少有實施開放檢查之案例，至查證該等儲槽實際內部檢查之相關資料困難，為能有效掌握該等儲槽內部情況，使理論與實際相互驗證，以防止災害發生，故以國內目前薄膜儲槽之使用及開槽檢修情形為例，將其檢修方式、材料分析、量化風險評估、及風險投資改善等加以研議，以供國內俟後對該等儲槽檢查管理之參考依據。因此本研究結論對使用中無法內部檢查之該等儲槽，其建造品質及使用中之異常控制是不可忽略，不宜僅端賴政府公權力之檢查，因對為數幾十公里之焊道，如管理稍有不慎，均會造成日後使用之危害，更存有火災、爆炸風險之虞，故應予以重視。最後本研究建議：1.加強建造時之管理機制，成立建置管理委員會。2.加強使用安全監控機制，建置線上長期監控。3.將量化風險之評估方式，導入非核能級之高風險事業。4.防止災害之擴散，應建立廠外安全距離之規範

This thesis aims at presenting a topics regarding whether the formulaic design of membrane storage safety standards of the nation meet those commonly used by other nations and furthermore to make comparison and analysis between the different standards particularly with regard to mechanical analysis. Then, it presents a simple explanation of the prevailing safety apparatuses and explores their influences on safety. Because the characteristics of membrane storage safety device are internal, thereby it is difficult to detect the malfunction. Therefore, inspections are rarely carried out. Due to the difficulty of access to internal information regarding membrane storage safety, it is a great challenge to obtain accurate information about them in order to prevent any possibility of harm to the general public. So, to understand the nation’s membrane storage safety usage and the situation of slotting overhauls as examples, this research takes the inspection methodologies, materials analysis, quantified hazard evaluation, investment risks of potential reforms into considerations for the reference of domestic inspection management. This research concludes that, because construction quality and control of anomalies can not be overlooked, it is not advisable to rely merely on government authority in control of the literally dozens of kilometers of soldered tracks and the oft careless handling which can result in latter dangerous usage thereby leading to fires and explosions, this matter should receive attention. The final recommendations as a result of this research are: (1) Strengthen construction management mechanisms by establishing a “construction management committee”;(2) Strengthen use of safety examination mechanisms and establish long-term online monitoring; (3) Guide non-nuclear high-risk activities by strengthening quantitative assessment methodologies; (4) Prevent expansion of harm outside the factory by setting up a perimeter at a safe distance.